8月热词有：中国疾控中心专家解释“突破病例”，中国空间站航天员完成第二次出舱活动，全球累计新冠确诊病例超2亿，梅西离开巴萨、加盟巴黎圣日耳曼，云南北移亚洲象群平安回归栖息地，联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会发布气候变化报告，多个河段水位超警，市场监管总局发文禁止“大数据杀熟”等行为，八部门发文保护灵活就业人员权益，利用奥运健儿姓名申请注册商标被驳回，“三孩”政策正式入法，北京市新学期实行干部教师轮岗交流，东京残奥会中国代表团表现亮眼，国家新闻出版署发通知限制未成年人玩网络游戏时间。
奥运会男子百米决赛 the men's 100m final in Tokyo 2020
8月1日晚，东京奥运会男子100米比赛中，中国“飞人”苏炳添在半决赛和决赛中均突破10秒大关，创造了中国田径新的历史。
Dashing across the track like a bolt of red lightning, the 31-year-old burned himself out by clocking a personal best of 9.83 seconds - the fastest among all semifinalists and a new Asian record - to become the first Chinese to qualify for the men's 100m finals on Sunday.
8月1日，31岁的苏炳添像一束红色的闪电一样飞速冲过跑道，拼尽全力达到了9秒83的个人最好成绩，以半决赛第一晋级决赛，同时创造了新的亚洲纪录。他是第一个冲进奥运会男子百米决赛的中国人。
【词汇讲解】
这里的dash是动词，表示“快跑，猛冲”，比如：I must dash - I've got to be home by seven.（我得赶快跑了，7点之前必须到家）。这个例句中的dash也可以用sprint替换，用作名词的时候，dash和sprint都可以表示体育比赛中的“短跑”项目，比如：100-meter dash/sprint，苏炳添就是一名sprinter（短跑运动员）。此外，dash还有“猛烈拍打”的意思，比如：Waves dashed against the cliffs（波涛拍打着悬崖）。而短语dash one's hope表示“使某人的希望破灭”，比如：Saturday's 2–0 defeat dashed their hopes of reaching the final（上周六的比赛0比2告负，让他们进入决赛的希望泡汤了）。
决赛目标：突破10秒
In the final two hours later, Su crossed the finishing line sixth in 9.98 seconds.
在2小时之后的决赛中，苏炳添以9秒98的成绩名列第六。
苏炳添在赛后表示：
"After the semifinals, my strength had dropped significantly, I just wanted to try my best in the final," said Su.
半决赛后，我体能下降得非常厉害，决赛尽可能发挥出自己的水平就胜利了。
But Su set a "small" target to finish the final race within 10 seconds regardless of the ranking.
我给自己定了目标，不管第几名，我的目标就是突破10秒。
"If I made it, it would mean I could run two consecutive races both within 10 seconds, that's big progress for myself," Su said of his plan on the final.
如果能做到，这么短的时间内还能两度跑进10秒，对我来说是一个非常大的进步。
刘翔是我的幸运之神
Expressing appreciation to the constant encouragement he received from fellow Olympian Liu Xiang, who made history to win the 110m hurdles at the 2004 Athens Games, Su said he hoped his achievement could inspire future Chinese athletes.
苏炳添表示，2004年雅典奥运会男子110米栏冠军刘翔不断地鼓励和支持他，希望自己的成绩也能激励之后的中国选手。
"Liu Xiang was indeed an inspiration for Chinese athletics, we wouldn't even think of trying to make it to an Olympic final or win Olympic medals if not for him," said Su.
刘翔是我们中国田径队的开路人。如果没有他的话，我们可能很多人没有想法——要站在奥运会的决赛场上，我们亚洲人也能够拿到奥运会冠军。
"I hope my performance today could serve as an inspiration for younger athletes in their sporting careers. When I was their age, my speed was no match for them. With the techniques and ideas we have, they could achieve much more than I do."
希望我今天的成绩，也能激励更多的年轻运动员。我在他们的这个年龄，根本跑不出这样的成绩。我相信，把现在的技术、理念用到他们身上，肯定会事半功倍。
突破病例 breakthrough infections
中国疾控中心研究员、科研攻关组疫苗研发专班专家组成员邵一鸣表示，
It is not surprising to see breakthrough infections－people who contract the virus at least 14 days after being fully vaccinated－because no vaccine is capable of totally preventing people from catching the virus.
完成疫苗接种至少14天后又被感染的病例被称为“突破病例”，这并不是例外，因为没有疫苗能够百分之百防止人们感染病毒。
【知识点】
“突破病例”在英文报道中一般用breakthrough infections或者breakthrough cases表示，breakthrough做名词的时候，我们最熟悉的意思是“（某个方面的）突破，重大进展”，比如：breakthrough in core technology（核心技术方面的突破），而在“突破病例”这个语境下，breakthrough其实是动词短语break through的名词形式，表示“the virus breaks through the protective barrier the vaccine provides”，即“病毒突破了疫苗产生的防护屏障”。
至于新冠疫苗对变异毒株的有效性，邵一鸣介绍：
"All COVID-19 vaccines around the world are evaluated based on their efficacy in preventing clinical disease, as well as their role in reducing serious cases and deaths," he said, adding that against these barometers, no marked difference has been found in domestic vaccines' effects on key mutations.
全球各条技术路线的疫苗有效性评估都是基于其在防止入院及减少重症和死亡病例方面的效果，在这个评判标准下，国内疫苗对几个主要变异毒株的有效性并没有显著变化。
He added that an irrefutable benefit of vaccination lies in that it can always trigger robust "basic immunity" and protective memory cells in human bodies.
疫苗接种一个不可否认的益处在于，疫苗可以触发强有力的“基础免疫”并唤起人体内的保护记忆细胞。
If immunity against the virus wanes in the long run, these memory cells can be "reawakened effectively" by delivering a booster shot and this will "produce very good protective effects", Shao said.
如果在比较长的时间后，身体对病毒的免疫能力逐渐下降，可以通过注射加强针重新唤起体内的这些记忆细胞，并产生非常好的保护效果。
暂无全人群加强针接种必要
国际上有部分国家明确为民众提供新冠疫苗加强针的接种，我国是否有考虑？对此，邵一鸣回应称：
"For the general population who have been vaccinated within a year, there is no need to obtain a booster shot for now," he said.
对已完成免疫接种一年以内的普通人群，暂无必要进行加强针接种。
【词汇讲解】
所谓疫苗加强针（booster shot/booster dose），是指在常规使用疫苗剂型、剂量注射后，额外增加的疫苗接种。这里的核心词booster，来源于动词boost，主要表示“加强、促进、推动”等意思，比如boost production（促生产），boost morale（提振士气）等，在这里表示“increase or renew the effect of the vaccine”，即“增强疫苗产生的效果”。
Whether or not people with weak immune systems, such as the elderly and those suffering chronic illnesses, as well as workers at higher risk of contracting the virus or people planning to travel to high-risk areas need a booster dose six to 12 months after initial immunization, and when a booster shot should be rolled out are being researched.
对完成免疫超过6—12个月且免疫功能较弱的老年人和有基础性疾病的患者，以及因工作需要去往高风险地区工作的人员等人群，是否有必要开展加强针，以及什么时间开展加强针的接种，正在进行研究。
疫苗接种必须和严格的防控措施并用
邵一鸣表示，
Many countries, despite their high vaccination coverage rates, are grappling with a resurgence of outbreaks due to a rush to relax anti-virus policies, such as wearing masks and maintaining social distancing.
虽然很多国家疫苗接种率已经很高了，但是在放宽戴口罩和保持社交距离等疫情控制措施之后，仍然出现了大幅度的疫情反弹。
"This shows that inoculation must be used in conjunction with strict disease control measures," he said, calling on the public to continue practicing personal protective protocols.
这说明，疫苗接种必须和严格的防控措施并用，请大家继续维持个人的防护措施。
航天员的日常 daily routines of astronauts
一转眼，三位航天员的太空出差之旅已经过半，他们的日常生活是什么样的呢？
The astronauts have been exercising, maintaining healthy diets and undergoing regular check-ups to reduce the effects of living in a microgravity environment.
航天员们一直在锻炼身体，保持健康饮食，并定期进行身体检查，以减少微重力环境下生活产生的影响。
每天锻炼身体
In Tianhe's exercise area, the three astronauts can use a treadmill, spin bike and resistance bands to burn calories and practice strength training.
在“天和”核心舱的锻炼区，三位航天员可以使用跑步机、健身车以及阻力带等健身设备来消耗热量，并进行力量训练。
中国航天员科研训练中心、航天员系统副总设计师李莹辉介绍：
The three astronauts have personalized daily exercise schedules according to their physical conditions.
他们现在的锻炼是家常饭，每天都有的，每个人都有每个人的“处方”。
They currently undertake moderate-intensity exercises every day, at levels requiring approximately 60 to 80 percent of the astronauts' maximum strength.
目前，他们每天的锻炼强度应该说达到每个人最大能力的60%到80%，强度属于中上。
The intensity will gradually increase as their time in space progresses. It is only in this way that they can resist the physiological effects of microgravity.
飞行时间越长，这个强度要逐渐增大，只有这样才能够维持他们对抗失重的生理效应。
定期体检
航天员系统副总设计师刘伟波介绍，
Dozens of pieces of medical equipment are available in a checkup cabinet. The astronauts have regular physical checkups every four to five weeks, including ultrasound examinations and complete blood counts.
检查柜里有十几件医疗设备，航天员们每四到五周进行定期体检，包括超声检查和全血细胞计数。
中国航天员科研训练中心航天员医监医保室主任徐冲表示，常规的检查功能对他们来说“小菜一碟了。”
航天员在空间站喝水如何保证？
8月3日，话题#航天员在空间站喝水如何保证#冲上热搜。
对于这个问题，专家是这样回答的：
Chinese scientists have devised a system to recycle water from the urine, breath and sweat produced by astronauts in space, which could save up to 100 million yuan in a period of six months with three astronauts in orbit.
我国科学家研制了一个水循环系统，可以将航天员在太空期间产生的尿液、呼气以及汗液回收利用，按3名航天员在轨6个月计算，可以节省高达1亿元人民币的经费。
More than 80% of water produced in space can be recycled and changed into drinkable water in the system.
该系统能够回收循环利用空间站中80%以上的水，并能达到饮用级标准。
航天员们在太空洗衣服吗？
航天员中心航天员系统副总设计师刘伟波介绍：
The three astronauts don't do laundry in space and use disposable clothing instead.
三位航天员在太空不洗衣服，他们穿的是一次性衣服。
这样安排的原因是：
Water, which is contaminated with detergent as well as skin debris and dirt washed from the body, will be challenging to recycle.
被洗涤剂、脱落的皮肤组织以及身上洗下来的污垢污染的水很难回收利用。
而且，
Disposable clothing that is regularly changed and discarded costs much less than doing laundry with water.
定期更换和丢弃一次性衣服比用水洗衣服的成本更低。
8月20日，航天员在机械臂的配合下圆满完成第二次出舱活动（the second extravehicular activity）。
全球累计新冠确诊病例 Global COVID-19 cases
美国约翰斯·霍普金斯大学发布的新冠疫情最新统计数据显示，
Global COVID-19 cases surpassed 200 million on Wednesday, according to data from Johns Hopkins University.The global case count amounted to 200,014,602, with 4,252,873 deaths worldwide, as of 3:21 pm local time, showed the data.
截至美国东部时间8月4日15时21分（北京时间8月5日3时21分），全球累计新冠确诊病例超过2亿例，达200014602例，累计死亡病例4252873例。
数据显示，美国是累计确诊病例和死亡病例最多的国家。
The United States reported 35,292,721 cases and 614,666 deaths, both the highest counts around the world, accounting for nearly 18 percent of the global cases and nearly 15 percent of the global deaths.
美国累计确诊病例35292721例，累计死亡病例614666例，在全球确诊病例和死亡病例总数中分别占比近18%和15%，均为全球最高。
The United States accounts for one in every seven infections reported worldwide.
全世界每七个感染病例中就有一例来自于美国。
US states with low vaccination rates such as Florida and Louisiana are seeing record numbers of COVID patients hospitalized, despite the nation giving 70% of adults at least one vaccine shot.
虽然美国有70%的成年人已经至少接种了一剂疫苗，但是在佛罗里达和路易斯安那等接种率偏低的州，新冠患者住院人数仍在不断创纪录。
Unvaccinated people represent nearly 97% of severe cases, according to the White House COVID-19 Response Team.
据白宫新冠疫情应对小组称，重症病例中有近97%的人没有接种疫苗。
约翰斯·霍普金斯大学统计数据显示，
The global caseload reached the grim milestone of 100 million on Jan 26, and doubled in just over six months.
全球累计确诊病例今年1月26日超过1亿例，从1亿例升至2亿例仅用了6个多月。
新冠变异病毒德尔塔毒株在全球蔓延
US COVID-19 cases driven by the Delta variant may double to 200,000 a day in the fall, said Anthony Fauci, head of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, on Wednesday.
8月4日，美国国家过敏和传染病研究所院长福奇表示，今年秋季，德尔塔毒株在美国引发的新冠肺炎病例可能会暴增到每天20万例。
"What we're seeing, because of this increase in transmissibility, and because we have about 93 million people in this country who are eligible to get vaccinated who don't get vaccinated - that you have a significant pool of vulnerable people," said Fauci.
福奇说：“我们现在的情况是，因为这个毒株的传染性更强，而且我们有9300万符合疫苗接种条件却没有打疫苗的人，导致有很大的一个易感染群体。”
Countries in Southeast Asia are also reporting rising cases. With just 8% of the world's population, the region is reporting almost 15% of all global cases each day.
东南亚国家报告的病例数也在不断增加。该地区人口占全球人口总数仅8%，但是每天报告的病例数却在全球病例总数中占比近15%。
世卫组织呼吁暂缓接种加强针 将疫苗提供给低收入国家
The World Health Organization is calling for a halt on COVID-19 vaccine boosters until at least the end of September, its head Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said on Wednesday, as the gap between vaccinations in wealthy and poor countries widens.
随着贫富国家之间的疫苗接种鸿沟不断扩大，世卫组织总干事谭德赛呼吁将新冠疫苗加强针的接种暂缓至9月底以后。
High-income countries administered around 50 doses for every 100 people in May, and that number has since doubled, according to WHO. Low-income countries have only been able to administer 1.5 doses for every 100 people, due to lack of supply.
世卫组织表示，今年5月，高收入国家每100人约接种了50剂，后来这个数字又增加了一倍；而低收入国家由于疫苗供应短缺，每100人仅接种了1.5剂。
"We need an urgent reversal from the majority of vaccines going to high-income countries to the majority going to low-income countries," Tedros said.
谭德赛表示：“我们需要将多数疫苗流向高收入国家的形势紧急扭转为多数疫苗流向低收入国家。”
中国新冠疫苗接种超17亿剂次 积极推动新冠疫苗可及性和可负担性
The Chinese mainland has administered more than 1.7 billion doses of novel coronavirus vaccines as of Tuesday, according to the National Health Commission.
国家卫健委表示，截至8月3日，中国大陆新冠疫苗接种剂次已超17亿。
China is working relentlessly to make COVID-19 vaccines an accessible and affordable public good in developing economies, including those in Africa, to push forward the equal distribution of vaccines.
中国一直致力于促进疫苗公平分配，确保新冠疫苗在非洲等发展中国家的可及性和可负担性，让疫苗成为全球公共产品。
China has so far provided more than 750 million doses of COVID-19 vaccines overseas and, over the next four months, will provide 110 million doses to COVAX, the Foreign Ministry said on Tuesday.
8月3日，外交部表示，截至目前，我国已经向海外提供了7.5亿剂新冠疫苗，接下来的4个月，还将向“新冠肺炎疫苗实施计划”提供1.1亿剂疫苗。
【知识点】
2020年10月8日，中国同全球疫苗免疫联盟签署协议，正式加入“新冠肺炎疫苗实施计划（COVAX）”。这是中国秉持人类卫生健康共同体理念（uphold the concept of a shared community of health for all）、履行自身承诺推动疫苗成为全球公共产品（turn COVID-19 vaccines into a global public good）的一个重要举措。
“新冠肺炎疫苗实施计划”由世界卫生组织和全球疫苗免疫联盟、流行病防范创新联盟共同牵头成立，拟于2021年底前向全球提供20亿剂新冠肺炎疫苗（the initial aim is to have 2 billion doses available by the end of 2021），供应给“自费经济体（higher-income self-financing countries）”和“受资助经济体（lower-income funded nations）”。包括我国在内的“自费经济体”需向该计划承诺为本经济体一定比例人口购买疫苗并缴纳预付款，而“受资助经济体”无须缴纳预付款，同时享受该计划补贴。
China has shown its kindness to the world by donating 26 million doses of COVID-19 vaccines overseas and had provided more than 500 million doses, as well as bulk vaccine, to over 100 countries, regions and international organizations by the end of July－roughly one-sixth of the world's total COVID-19 vaccine output.
截至2021年7月，我国已对外捐赠疫苗超2600万剂，向100多个国家、地区和国际组织提供了超过5亿剂疫苗和原液，相当于全球新冠疫苗总产量的六分之一。
梅西离开巴萨 Lionel Messi parted with Barca
北京时间8月6日凌晨，西甲巴塞罗那俱乐部发布公告称，梅西将不会继续为巴萨效力。
Six-time Ballon d'Or winner Lionel Messi will leave Barcelona despite both parties having reached an agreement over a new contract, the La Liga club said, citing economic and structural obstacles to the renewal of the deal.
西甲巴塞罗那俱乐部表示，尽管双方已就签订新合同达成协议，但由于经济和制度因素的制约，梅西将不再效力巴萨。梅西曾六次获得金球奖。
34岁的梅西在巴萨创造了多项纪录，被认为是巴萨历史上最伟大的球员之一。
Messi, who joined Barca's youth set-up aged 13, is the club's all-time top scorer and appearance maker with 672 goals in 778 games in all competitions.
梅西13岁加入巴萨青训营，他已为这支球队在正式比赛中出战778场，打入672个进球，是该俱乐部史上出场次数最多、进球最多的队员。
The Argentine helped Barcelona claim 10 league titles, four Champions Leagues and three Club World Cups among his haul of 35 trophies.
梅西为巴萨赢得了35座冠军奖杯，其中包括10个西甲联赛冠军、4个欧洲冠军联赛冠军和3个国际足联俱乐部世界杯冠军。
【知识点】
体育类报道中经常看到的一些足球国际赛事有：
世界杯（FIFA World Cup），由国际足球联合会（FIFA）每四年举办一次，是世界足坛规模最大、水平最高的赛事。2022年世界杯将在卡塔尔举行。
欧洲足球锦标赛（UEFA European Championship），即“欧洲杯”，是由欧洲足联（the Union of European Football Associations）成员国参加的最高级别国家级足球赛事，于1960年举行第一届，其后每四年举行一届。赛事创办时名称为European Nations Cup，其后于1968年改名为European Football Championship。
欧洲冠军联赛（UEFA Champions League），是欧足联最有声望的一项俱乐部赛事，前身是1955/56赛季创建的欧洲俱乐部冠军杯赛，1992年欧洲足联对这项杯赛的赛制和名称进行了修改。
国际足联俱乐部世界杯（FIFA Club World Cup），简称“世俱杯”，是由国际足联主办、来自六大洲最顶级的球队参与的国际性足球锦标赛。
亚洲杯足球赛（AFC Asian Cup），简称“亚洲杯”，是由亚洲足球联合会（Asian Football Confederation）举办的每四年一届的国际性足球锦标赛，属于亚洲区内最高级别的国家级赛事，参赛球队必须是亚足联成员。
巴萨在声明中表示：
"Despite FC Barcelona and Lionel Messi having reached an agreement and the clear intention of both parties to sign a new contract today, this cannot happen because of financial and structural obstacles (Spanish La Liga regulations)," Barca said in a statement.
俱乐部和梅西之间原本已达成了一项协议，且双方均有在当日签署新合同的明确意向，但由于经济上和西甲相关规定方面的障碍，最终双方未能成功签订合同。
"As a result of this situation, Messi shall not be staying on at FC Barcelona. Both parties deeply regret that the wishes of the player and the club will ultimately not be fulfilled.
鉴于这一情况，梅西将不会继续留在巴塞罗那足球俱乐部效力，俱乐部和球员本人的愿望最终未能达成，双方对此都深表遗憾。
"FC Barcelona wholeheartedly expresses its gratitude to the player for his contribution to the aggrandisement of the club and wishes him all the very best for the future in his personal and professional life."
巴萨衷心感谢梅西为球队发展壮大所做的贡献，并祝愿他在未来的个人生活和职业生涯中一切顺利。
【词汇讲解】
这里的aggrandisement的意思是“an increase in power or importance”，即“影响力或地位的提升”，比如：He gives a lot of money to charity, but personal aggrandizement is his motive.（他花了很多钱做慈善，但他的目的其实是提升个人影响力。）
亚洲象群 Asian elephants
8月8日20时许，云南北移亚洲象群14头大象已跨过元江，平安回归适宜栖息地。
A herd of wild Asian elephants that has wandered Southwest China's Yunnan province for more than 17 months appears to be heading home to its traditional habitat in Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve.
在云南游荡了17个多月以后，亚洲象群正在回归原栖息地——西双版纳国家自然保护区的路上。
【知识点】
亚洲象（Asian elephants）为我国一级重点保护野生动物（wild animals under first-class national protection），在世界自然保护联盟濒危物种红色名录（ the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List of Threatened Species）中被列为“濒危物种”（endangered species），主要分布在云南普洱、西双版纳、临沧3个州市，是亚洲现存最大和最具代表性的陆生脊椎动物（terrestrial vertebrate），也是维持森林生态系统的“工程师”。
云南省林业和草原局党组书记、局长万勇介绍：
The elephants were on Monday approximately 26 kilometers from Mojiang county, Pu'er city, one of their major habitats in Yunnan along with Xishuangbanna Dai autonomous prefecture.
8月9日，象群距离普洱市墨江县辖区约26公里，该县是除西双版纳傣族自治州以外，亚洲象在云南的另一个主要栖息地。
后续，现场指挥部将继续科学引导，全力保障象群安全，帮助其尽快回归原栖息地。
象群离家17月，迁移500多公里
The herd of 14 elephants, ranging in age and size, has traveled more than 500 km.
这14头亚洲象，年龄、体型各异，已经迁移了500多公里。
Sixteen elephants departed Xishuangbanna, but three of them dropped out of the trek and two calves were born en route. In July, a bull elephant that had broken away from the herd was sedated and returned to the nature reserve.
最初离开西双版纳时有16头象，途中有三头掉队，另有两只幼崽出生。今年7月，一头雄象离队，被麻醉后带回自然保护区。
Heading north, the herd passed through Pu'er, Honghe and Yuxi. In June, they reached the outskirts of Kunming, the provincial capital.
象群在北移途中经过了普洱、红河和玉溪等地。今年6月，它们抵达云南省省会昆明市郊外。
Local authorities deployed trucks, workers and drones to monitor the elephants 24 hours a day, evacuated roads for them to pass safely and lured them away from populated areas with food.
当地政府派出卡车、工作人员以及无人机24小时监测象群，为它们安全通过清空道路，用食物将它们从人口密集地区引开。
Nearly 180 metric tons of food, including pineapples and corn, has been fed to the herd, Wan said. Even as they encroached on communities, none of the elephants or people were injured.
途中投放菠萝、玉米等食物近180吨，在象群侵扰居民区期间，未造成人、象受伤。
【词汇讲解】
这里的encroach指“gradual or stealthy entrance upon another's territory”（慢慢地或偷偷地进入他人的领地），常用的搭配encroach on/upon something则表示“一步步占用，占据（时间、权利、土地等）”，比如：I resent it that my job is starting to encroach on my family life（我憎恶的是，我的工作开始越来越多地占用了我的家庭生活时间），They have promised that the development will not encroach on public land（他们承诺这个开发项目不会占用公共用地）。
在科学研究方面，北移亚洲象群为动物学家提供了近距离观测亚洲象栖息活动的机会。
北移亚洲象群专家组成员、国家林业和草原局亚洲象研究中心主任陈飞表示：
They can identify the direction of food and water resources very precisely. And they also showed great performances in solidarity and group decision-making. Their division of work is impressive, too.
它们能精确识别食物和水源的方向，表现出了强大的团结和团队决策能力。象群内的分工也很明确。
未来还有可能北移
北移亚洲象群处置专家组成员、云南西双版纳国家级自然保护区管护局高级工程师沈庆仲表示：
It's likely that the elephants will head north again.
象群可能会再度北移。
Historically, Asian elephants used to live in many parts of the country. Migration is in their nature. It helps the species expand its territory and have more chances to improve their gene pool by mating with different groups.
亚洲象曾经遍布全国多地，对它们而言，迁移是一种正常行为。迁移有助于野象寻找新的栖息地和开展种群间的基因交流。
加快推进亚洲象国家公园创建
The forestry department and the provincial government plan to develop a national park, which aims to provide habitat protection for the elephants and a balanced relationship with residents.
国家林草局和云南省政府计划开发一处国家公园，为亚洲象群提供栖息地保护，同时促进人象和谐共存。
藏羚羊 Tibetan antelope
国家林草局最新发布，近年来随着我国生态保护和打击盗猎力度的加强，我国藏羚羊数量不断增加。
The number of Tibetan antelopes in China has quadrupled in the past decades, reaching about 300,000 from fewer than 70,000 in the 1980s and 1990s, according to the country's National Forestry and Grassland Administration.
国家林草局表示，我国藏羚羊数量已从二十世纪八九十年代的不足7万只，增加至目前的约30万只，几十年间增长了近三倍。
【词汇讲解】
在英文报道中，double、triple、quadruple 这三个词常用来表达不同的倍数，均可以做名词、动词、形容词和副词，用法很灵活。Double 表示“两倍、双份”或“使（什么）增加一倍”，比如：The editor thinks they can double the magazine circulation by the end of the year.主编觉得他们能在年底把杂志发行量增加一倍。另外，单词 double 在影视领域还指“替身演员”，比如，He worked as a double for Daniel Craig in the film.他在这部影片中担任丹尼尔·克雷格的替身。
Triple表示“三倍，增加两倍”，比如，My rent tripled last month.上个月，我的房租涨了两倍。
Quadruple这个词表示“四倍，四部分，增加三倍”的意思，词性和用法与前面的 double 和 triple 相似。需要注意的是，“增加三倍”其实也就是中文中常说的“翻两番”，所以这两种说法都可以用 quadruple 来表示，比如：Our exports to the US have quadrupled in the past three years.过去三年间，我们对美国的出口额增加了三倍（也就是翻了两番）。
藏羚羊是青藏高原的基础物种
Tibetan antelopes are mostly found in the plateau region of Northwest China, including the Tibet autonomous region, Qinghai province and the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region. The species is under first-class state protection in China.
藏羚羊主要分布在西藏自治区、青海省和新疆维吾尔自治区等西北高原地区，是国家一级保护动物。
The Sanjiangyuan National Park in Qinghai is a major biodiversity cluster sheltering a considerable number of Tibetan antelopes as well as many other wild animals.
青海省三江源国家公园是高原生物多样性最集中的地区，是大量藏羚羊及其他野生动物的栖息地。
据三江源国家公园可可西里管理处卓乃湖保护站站长秋培扎西介绍，藏羚羊在青藏高原以及可可西里地区，是非常关键的物种，作为生物链当中的基础物种（foundation species ），它支撑着一个完整的生物链系统。
Thriving amid an ever-expanding herd in Qinghai, Xinjiang and Tibet, the Tibetan antelope has been regraded from "Endangered" to "Near Threatened" on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List.
随着藏羚羊种群在青海、新疆、西藏等地不断发展壮大，藏羚羊在世界自然保护联盟红色名录上的级别也从“濒危”物种降级为“近危”物种。
【知识点】
世界自然保护联盟红色名录（International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List）按照不同物种面临的灭绝风险由重到轻分为：
Extinct or Extinct in the Wild
已灭绝或野外已灭绝；
Critically Endangered, Endangered and Vulnerable: species threatened with global extinction.
极度濒危、濒危以及易危物种：物种面临全球范围的灭绝威胁；
Near Threatened: species close to the threatened thresholds or that would be threatened without ongoing conservation measures.
近危物种：物种生存状态临近灭绝威胁指标，或者如果不维持当前的保护措施，物种就会面临灭绝威胁；
Least Concern: species evaluated with a lower risk of extinction.
无危物种：被评估为面临较小灭绝威胁的物种；
Data Deficient: no assessment because of insufficient data.
数据不足：数据不足无法做出评估的物种。
气候变化报告 climate change report
联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会近日发布报告称，未来几十年里全球所有地区都将面临气候变化加剧的考验。
The world's leading scientists have projected that in the coming decades, there would be increasing heat waves, longer warm seasons and shorter cold seasons.
全球顶级科学家预测，在未来几十年里，暖季将变得更长，冷季将更短，同时极端高温等极端天气将变得更加频繁。
According to the latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report , climate change is also intensifying the water cycle, bringing more intense rainfall and associated flooding, as well as more intense drought in many regions.
联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会发布的这份报告表示，气候变化将加速水循环，在带来更多强降雨、洪涝灾害的同时也会导致许多地区更加严重的干旱。
【知识点】
政府间气候变化专门委员会（Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change，IPCC）于1988年由世界气象组织（World Meteorological Organization）和联合国环境署（United Nations Environment Programme）联合创建，旨在提供有关气候变化的科学技术和社会经济认知状况、气候变化原因（the drivers of climate change）、潜在影响（ its impacts and future risks）和应对策略（how adaptation and mitigation can reduce those risks）的综合评估。
目前IPCC正处于第六次评估周期（the Sixth Assessment cycle），此次发布的报告是IPCC第一工作小组的评估报告，由来自60多个国家的200多名科学家撰写，其中引用的相关独立研究超过1.4万个。报告全面评估了2013年第五次评估报告发布以来世界气候变化科学研究方面取得的重要进展。
报告明确指出：
Human activity was “unequivocally” the cause of rapid changes to the climate, including sea level rises, melting polar ice and glaciers, heat waves, floods and droughts.
毫无疑问，人类活动是海平面上升、极地冰川融化、高温、洪水以及旱灾等气候快速变化事件的原因。
Many of the changes observed in the climate are unprecedented in thousands, if not hundreds of thousands of years, and some changes already set in motion -- such as continued sea level rise -- are irreversible over hundreds to thousands of years.
我们观察到的很多气候变化是几千年或者几十万年来前所未有的，而海平面不断上升这样已经发生的变化不可逆转，在未来几百年到几千年间都将持续发生。
Sea levels are expected to rise 2 to 3 meters by 2300 even if warming is kept below 2 degrees, but could reach 5 to 7 meters or higher if warming continues unabated.
就算全球升温控制在2摄氏度之内，到2300年，海平面仍然会上升2到3米，而如果全球变暖的趋势没有缓解，则海平面到时可能会上升5到7米。
【知识点】
《巴黎协定（Paris Agreement）》确立了2020年后国际社会合作应对气候变化的基本框架，提出把全球平均气温较工业化前水平升高幅度控制在2摄氏度之内（hold the global average temperature increase to well below 2 degrees C），并为把升温控制在1.5摄氏度之内而努力（pursue efforts to limit it to 1.5 degrees C）。
The authors believe that 1.5C will be reached by 2040 in all scenarios. If emissions aren't slashed in the next few years, this will happen even earlier.
报告作者认为，无论情况如何发展，到2040年，全球升温将达到1.5摄氏度。如果未来几年不大力减排，这一天会来得更早。
全球升温1.5摄氏度会怎么样？
报告举了个例子：
Extreme heat waves expected once every 50 years without any global heating are already happening every decade. With 1.5C warming, these will happen about every 5 years; with 2C, every 3.5 years; and with 4C, once every 15 months. More heating also means more disruptions to the monsoon rains on which billions depend for food.
没有全球升温影响的情况下，原本每50年发生一次的极端高温天气现在每10年就有一次。升温1.5摄氏度以后，这样的极端天气大约每5年会出现一次；升温2摄氏度时，每3.5年出现一次；升温4摄氏度时，每15个月出现一次。高温天气增多同时意味着对雨季的影响增多，而全球几十亿人的食物也会受到影响。
我们该怎么做？
The scientists are hopeful that if we can cut global emissions in half by 2030 and reach net zero by the middle of this century, we can halt and possibly reverse the rise in temperatures.
科学家们认为，如果我们在2030年之前将全球碳排放减半，并在本世纪中叶达到净零排放，就有可能止住甚至扭转升温的步伐。
联合国秘书长古特雷斯表示：
[This report] is a code red for humanity. The alarm bells are deafening, and the evidence is irrefutable: greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuel burning and deforestation are choking our planet and putting billions of people at immediate risk.
（这份）报告是对人类发出的红色警报。这个警报声振聋发聩，报告中列出的证据无可辩驳：石油燃烧排放的温室气体和森林砍伐让地球窒息，置十几亿人于迫近的危险之中。
All nations, especially the G20 and other major emitters, need to join the net zero emissions coalition and reinforce their commitments with credible, concrete and enhanced Nationally Determined Contributions and policies before COP26 in Glasgow.
所有国家，尤其是二十国集团成员国以及其他主要排放大国，要加入净零排放的联合行动中，在格拉斯哥第26届联合国气候变化大会之前拿出可靠的、具体的、进一步完善的国家自主贡献目标承诺和政策。
【知识点】
国家自主贡献（nationally determined contributions）指根据《联合国气候变化框架公约（the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change）》缔约方会议相关决定，提出的各国应对气候变化的强化行动和措施（enhanced actions and measures on climate change）。
There must be no new coal plants built after 2021. OECD countries must phase out existing coal by 2030, with all others following suit by 2040. Countries should also end all new fossil fuel exploration and production, and shift fossil fuel subsidies into renewable energy. By 2030, solar and wind capacity should quadruple and renewable energy investments should triple to maintain a net zero trajectory by mid-century.
2021年后不得再新建煤炭工厂。经济合作与发展组织成员国必须在2030年之前停止使用煤炭，其他国家2040年之前达到这一目标。各国还应该停止所有新的石油勘探和生产项目，将原有的石油行业补贴用于可再生能源。到2030年，太阳能和风能的产能应达到现在的四倍，可再生能源投资应该达到目前的三倍，才能在本世纪中叶走上净零排放的轨道。
警戒水位 warning level
国家防总副总指挥、水利部部长李国英8月12日主持召开防汛会商会，指出黑龙江、嫩江、松花江洪水当前仍在演进中，部分河段超警或超保，将会持续至9月。
Water levels are likely to exceed the warning levels in some sections of the Yellow River, Yangtze River and Haihe River in mid-to-late August, with typhoons triggering regional downpours and floods.
预计8月中下旬，黄河、海河、长江部分河段可能发生超警洪水，台风降雨可能引发区域性暴雨洪水。
【知识点】
最近有关洪水的报道中，我们经常能看到“超警”、“超保”、“超限”等表述，其中的“警”代表“警戒水位”，“保”代表“保证水位”，“限”代表“汛限水位”。
警戒水位（warning level）是指河流、湖泊随着水位逐步升高，堤防可能发生险情并需要加强防守的水位（the water level where dykes need consolidation）。到达这一水位，要进行防汛动员，加大人力、物力投入，实行昼夜巡堤查险。
保证水位（flood-stage level），又称最高水位或危险水位，是指堤防设计水位或历史上防御过的最高洪水位（the highest floodwater level a dyke has ever withstood），也是汛期堤防及其附属工程能保证安全运行的上限洪水位。接近或到达这一水位，防汛进入全面紧急状态，堤防临水时间已长，堤身土体可能达到饱和状态，随时都有出险的可能。这时要密切巡查，全力以赴，确保堤防安全。
汛限水位（the upper limit of reservoir water level）是指汛期水库允许蓄水的上限水位，也是水库汛期防洪调度运用时的起调水位。
近期我国西南、长江中下游等地局部暴雨洪水频发。
Heavy rainfall has hit most parts of the province since Aug 8. As of 3:00 pm Thursday, 68 counties in Hubei had each seen rainfall measuring more than 100 mm, according to the provincial emergency management department.
8月8日以来，湖北多地出现强降雨。湖北省应急管理局表示，截至8月12日15点，湖北有68个县降雨量均超过100毫米。
Twenty-one people were killed and four others missing as heavy rain lashed Liulin township of Suixian county in central China's Hubei province from Wednesday to Thursday, local authorities said Friday. Over 8,000 people have been affected in the township, according to the announcement.
当地政府8月13日通报，8月11日至12日，湖北省随县柳林镇发生极端强降雨天气，已造成柳林镇8000余人受灾，21人死亡、4人失联。
The flood control and drought relief headquarters of Hubei province activated Level III emergency response for flood control on Thursday.
8月12日，湖北省防汛抗旱指挥部启动防汛Ⅲ级应急响应。
8月12日，水利部增派了4个工作组赴湖北、安徽、江西3省指导暴雨洪水防范应对工作。目前，水利部仍维持水旱灾害防御Ⅳ级应急响应（level-IV emergency response to floods and droughts），共有7个工作组在防汛一线指导。
抵制张哲瀚 boycott of Zhang Zhehan
演员张哲瀚由于在日本参观靖国神社等不当行为，引发社会各界强烈批评。
The Sina Weibo micro-blogging platform closed the actor's personal and studio accounts on Sunday.
8月15日，新浪微博关闭了张哲瀚的个人及工作室账号。
微博社区公告表示，
"As a public figure who has a large number of fans and draws a great deal of attention online, it is the most basic professional quality to have a correct view of history and values," it said in a notice.
作为网上拥有大量粉丝和关注的公众人物，树立正确的历史观和价值观是最基本的职业素养。
中国演出行业协会（the China Association of Performing Arts）发布公告，要求会员单位对演员张哲瀚进行从业抵制（call for a boycott of Zhang Zhehan）。
公告指出，
Yasukuni is a spiritual tool and symbol of Japanese militarism and also the place where Japanese right-wing forces "deny history and beautify the war of aggression".
靖国神社是日本军国主义发动对外侵略战争的精神工具和象征，是日本国内右翼势力否定历史、美化侵略战争的场所。
"For artists engaged in cultural work, a correct view of history is a basic professional quality, and ignorance is not an excuse," it said.
对从事文化工作的演艺人员而言，树立正确的历史观，是一项基本的职业素养，无知不是借口。
"Zhang's behavior was seriously inappropriate, and it not only hurt the nation's feelings, but also served as a bad influence on young fans," the association said. The association said members were required to boycott Zhang according to relevant regulations. It called on performers to study more, improve their understanding and never waver on national dignity.
中国演出行业协会道德自律委员会经评议认为，演员张哲瀚的行为存在严重不当，不仅伤害民族感情，而且对其受众中的青少年群体带来恶劣的不良影响。因此，中国演出行业协会根据《演出行业演艺人员从业自律管理办法》的规定，要求会员单位对其进行从业抵制。在此同时郑重提醒广大演艺从业人员，务必加强学习，提高认识，在民族大义面前决不能有丝毫的含糊、动摇。
"History must not be forgotten, and the bottom line must not be loosened. Whoever crosses the line will be punished," it said.
历史不容忘却，底线不容松动。过线者，必受惩戒。
此前，张哲瀚被曝于2019年曾前往日本乃木神社（the Nogi Shrine）参加朋友婚礼，早前还发布过在靖国神社（the Yasukuni Shrine）的合影照片，引发网友质疑和愤怒。
张哲瀚代言的多家品牌相继宣布结束与其的商务合作关系。
More than 25 companies have announced the termination of partnerships with Zhang, including food brand Hsu Fu Chi, drink brand Wahaha, beverage maker Coca-Cola, Danish jewelry brand Pandora and the Chinese branch of Japanese food manufacturer Ezaki Glico.
超过25家公司宣布已结束与张哲瀚的合作关系，其中包括徐福记、娃哈哈、可口可乐、丹麦珠宝品牌潘多拉以及日本食品制造商江崎格力高中国分公司等。
中方敦促日方切实信守正视反省侵略历史的表态和承诺
8月15日，日本首相菅义伟向靖国神社供奉了香火钱（send a monetary offering）。前首相安倍晋三、几个内阁成员和一些国会议员当天或几天前分别参拜了靖国神社。
对此，外交部发言人华春莹表示：
Today marks the 76th anniversary of Japan's defeat and unconditional surrender. Seventy-six years ago, the Chinese people, together with the people of the rest of the world, defeated the Japanese militarist aggressors and fascism and won the great victory of justice over evil, light over darkness and progress over reaction. This historic moment deserves to be remembered forever by the international community.
今天是日本战败并宣布无条件投降76周年纪念日。76年前，中国人民同世界人民一道，打败了日本军国主义侵略者和法西斯主义，取得了正义战胜邪恶、光明战胜黑暗、进步战胜反动的伟大胜利。这一历史性时刻值得国际社会永远铭记！
The Yasukuni Shrine, where 14 World War II Class-A war criminals with heinous crimes are honored, is a spiritual tool and symbol of the Japanese militarism’s war of aggression. What some Japanese political figures have done on the issue of the Yasukuni Shrine affronts historical justice and seriously hurts the feelings of people in the victimized Asian countries, including China. It again reflects Japan’s wrong attitude towards its own history of aggression.
靖国神社是日本军国主义发动对外侵略战争的精神工具和象征，供奉有罪行滔天的14名二战甲级战犯。日本一些政要在靖国神社问题上的所作所为，是对历史正义的亵渎，也是对包括中国在内亚洲受害国人民感情的严重伤害，再次反映出日方对待自身侵略历史的错误态度。
The Chinese side has lodged solemn representations with the Japanese side through diplomatic channels in both Beijing and Tokyo to register strong dissatisfaction and firm opposition. We urge the Japanese side to earnestly honor its statement and commitment of facing up to and reflecting on its history of aggression, tread carefully on historical issues such as the Yasukuni Shrine, make a clean break with militarism, and win the trust of its Asian neighbors and the international community through concrete actions.
中方已通过外交渠道在北京和东京向日方严正交涉，表达强烈不满和坚决反对。中方敦促日方切实信守正视反省侵略历史的表态和承诺，在靖国神社等历史问题上谨言慎行，彻底同军国主义切割，以实际行动取信于亚洲邻国和国际社会。
复兴号动车 Fuxing bullet train
8月15日7时50分，牡佳高铁联调联试现场首组CR400BF-G型复兴号高寒动车组从牡丹江站缓缓驶出，这是复兴号高寒动车组首次参与
复兴号高寒动车组在牡佳高铁试运行。
（high-speed railway linking Mudanjiang and Jiamusi）联调联试。
It was the first time a Fuxing bullet train has run on China's easternmost high-speed line, which is located in an extremely cold region.
这是复兴号高寒动车组首次在中国最东端高寒高铁线路试跑。
据介绍，CR400BF-G型复兴号高寒动车组系在复兴号动车组“金凤凰”的基础上进行了高寒适应性技术提升。
The CR400BF-G Fuxing bullet trains are designed to withstand the climate in extremely cold areas that may be hit by blizzards and temperatures as low as -40 C. Designers chose materials with better airtightness for the equipment compartment, which can keep out the snow and cold air.
CR400BF-G型复兴号高寒动车组具有耐高寒、抗风雪等特点，能够在-40℃的天气下运行。设计人员为设备间选择了密封性更好的材料，达到防雪、低温防冻的目的。
Designers also installed sanding gear in the train, which may help increase traction and prevent the wheels slipping in snowy weather.
同时，设计人员还在动车组上安装了撒砂装置，能够在降雪天气增加阻力，防止车轮打滑。
牡佳高铁位于黑龙江省东部地区，沿线经过牡丹江市、鸡西市、七台河市、双鸭山市、佳木斯市等地。
Construction of the Mudanjiang-Jiamusi high-speed railway started in November 2016. The 371-kilometer line, designed for trains running at up to 250 kilometers per hour, will cut travel time between Mudanjiang and Jiamusi from seven to two hours.
牡佳高铁于2016年11月开工，全长371公里，设计时速250公里。通车后，牡丹江到佳木斯的通行时间将从7小时缩短为2小时。
铁路部门介绍，
Since June 10, different types of bullet trains have been put into use in test runs to ensure the line can operate safely, the group said.
自6月10日以来，已有不同型号的动车组在该线路试运行，以确保线路安全运营。
The dynamic detection and debugging of rail track, communication, signal, power supply, disaster monitoring and other systems has been completed and the whole system has been optimized, the group said.
轨道、通信、信号、供电、灾害监测等系统的动态检测和调试已完成，整体系统功能得到了优化。
铁路部门介绍，牡佳高铁联调联试结束后，将转入运行试验阶段（trial operation），为后续全线开通运营奠定基础。
大数据杀熟 big data-enabled price discrimination against existing customers
8月17日，市场监管总局发布《禁止网络不正当竞争行为规定》征求意见稿，面向社会公开征求意见。
According to a document published on the website of the State Administration for Market Regulation, business operators should not use data, algorithms or other technical information or means to influence users' choices, hijack traffic or disrupt the operations of website products and services provided by other business operators.
市场监管总局官网发布的文件提出，经营者不得利用数据、算法等技术手段，通过影响用户选择或者其他方式，实施流量劫持等行为，妨碍、破坏其他经营者合法提供的网络产品或者服务正常运行。
Companies would also be barred from fabricating or spreading misleading information to damage the reputation of competitors and need to stop marketing practices like fake reviews and coupons or "red envelopes" - cash incentives - used to entice positive ratings.
经营者不得虚构或传播误导性信息损害竞争对手的声誉，不得采取虚构用户评价，以红包、卡券等方式诱导用户发好评等营销行为。
【词汇讲解】
这里的marketing在各类商战剧中很常见，指“activities a company undertakes to promote the buying or selling of a product or service”，即“公司为推动其产品或服务买卖而举行的各种活动”，也就是“市场营销”。最近很火的“直播带货”其实就是通过直播活动宣传产品，进行市场营销，可以用livestreaming marketing表示。
对于大数据杀熟行为，意见稿明确规定：
经营者不得利用数据、算法等技术手段，通过收集、分析对方的交易信息、浏览内容及次数、交易时使用的终端设备的品牌及价值（collection and analysis of a user's transaction information, browsing history and frequency, as well as brand and value of the mobile device used to complete the transaction）等方式，对条件相同的交易向对方不合理地提供不同的交易信息（display unfair and varied information to different users for same product or service），侵害对方的知情权、选择权、公平交易权等，扰乱市场公平交易秩序（disrupt the order of fair transactions in the market）。
交易信息包括交易历史（transaction history）、支付意愿（willingness to pay）、消费习惯（consumption habits）、个体偏好（personal preference）、支付能力（affordability）、依赖程度（dependency）、信用状况（credit history）等。
简单来说，“大数据杀熟”可以用big data-enabled price discrimination against existing customers表示。
灵活就业人员 people doing flexible jobs
人社部等八部门近日共同印发《关于维护新就业形态劳动者劳动保障权益的指导意见》。
The guideline clarified labor relations requirements, break arrangements and social insurance for people doing flexible jobs.
指导意见详解了灵活就业人员的劳动关系、休息制度以及社会保险等问题。
【知识点】
移动互联网（mobile internet）时代，越来越多人的工作任务来自手机，就业形态也发生了新变化，出现了由互联网平台作为劳动力资源组织方，将劳动者和消费者直接对接的新就业形态（new employment model connecting workers with consumers directly）。外卖送餐员、快递配送员、网约车驾驶员、互联网营销师等都属于新就业形态。鉴于新就业形态劳动用工去雇主化、劳动关系灵活化（flexible labor relations）的特点，劳动者大部分是灵活就业人员，与从业单位之间属于非稳定劳动关系。
不得通过算法等手段侵害劳动者的正当权益
市场监管总局网络交易监督管理司司长庞锦表示：
Food delivery platforms must establish an income distribution system based on orders the delivery workers take and the intensity of their work. The food delivery workers' income should not be less than the locality's lowest wage standard.
外卖平台要建立以工作任务、劳动强度相匹配的收入分配机制，劳动者的劳动报酬不低于当地最低工资标准。
The algorithms used to send orders to delivery workers and time limits for food delivery cannot be used as assessment criteria. Food delivery platforms are expected to relax delivery time limits.
派单算法以及配送时限不能作为评价标准，外卖平台应适当放宽配送时限。
督促网约车平台降低过高的抽成比例
交通运输部运输服务司负责人李华强表示，
There are over 3.51 million licensed ride-hailing drivers serving 236 platforms nationwide.
目前全国共有236家网约车平台企业，取得许可的网约车驾驶员超过351万人。
Some ride-hailing applications had encroached on drivers' rights by collecting high commissions, meaning they have to work longer to maintain their incomes.
有些网约车平台设置过高抽成比例，侵害了驾驶员的权益，驾驶员为了保证收入只能超时劳动。
【词汇讲解】
Commission这个词，常见的意思是“委员会”，比如：中央全面依法治国委员会（the Commission for Law-based Governance under the CPC Central Committee），中央纪律检查委员会（the CPC Central Commission for Discipline Inspection），国家卫生健康委员会（National Health Commission）等，但是在本文的语境中，commission指的是“a fee paid to an agent or employee for transacting a piece of business or performing a service，especially a percentage of the money received from a total paid to the agent responsible for the business”（代理人或员工完成一项交易或服务后收取的费用，尤指从整个交易费用中划出的一定比例的金钱收入），也就是“佣金，提成，抽成”等，比如：He gets a commission for each car he sells（他每卖掉一辆车就有一份提成收入）。
The Ministry of Transport will require ride-hailing platforms to sign formal labor contracts with drivers and clarify the platforms' responsibilities to the drivers they employ.
交通运输部将督促网约车平台与驾驶员签订正式劳动合同，落实驾驶员权益保障责任。
职业伤害保障试点
The country will carry out pilots to offer occupational injury insurance for the flexibly employed in ride-hailing, food delivery, and instant delivery platform enterprises.
我国将以出行、外卖、即时配送等行业的平台企业为重点，组织开展平台灵活就业人员职业伤害保障试点。
商标恶意抢注 malicious trademark registrations
针对近期发生的杨倩、陈梦、全红婵等奥运健儿姓名被申请注册商标事宜，8月19日，国家知识产权局发布通告，依法驳回相关商标注册申请。
The National Intellectual Property Administration rejected 109 applications for trademark registration using names of Olympic athletes on Thursday in a bid to protect the name rights of public figures.
国家知识产权局8月19日依法驳回109件使用奥运健儿姓名的商标注册申请，以强化对公众人物姓名的保护。
【知识点】
《中华人民共和国商标法》规定：
任何能够将自然人、法人或者其他组织的商品与他人的商品区别开的标志，包括文字、图形、字母、数字、三维标志、颜色组合和声音等，以及上述要素的组合，均可以作为商标申请注册。
Any signs, including words, graphs, letters, numerals, three-dimensional symbols, color combinations, sound or any combination thereof, that are capable of distinguishing the goods of a natural person, legal person or other organizations from those of others may be applied for registration as trademarks.
申请注册的商标，应当有显著特征，便于识别，并不得与他人在先取得的合法权利相冲突。
A trademark submitted for registration shall bear noticeable characteristics and be readily distinguishable, and it may not conflict with the legitimate rights obtained by others earlier.
今年3月，国家知识产权局印发的《打击商标恶意抢注行为专项行动方案》，重点打击商标恶意抢注（malicious trademark registrations）、图谋不当利益（profiteering），扰乱商标注册管理秩序（disrupt order of trademark registration management），造成较大不良社会影响的行为，其中包括“恶意抢注具有较高知名度的公众人物姓名、知名作品或者角色名称”。
国家知识产权局发布的通告指出：
Some enterprises attempted to maliciously use the names of Olympic players to apply for trademarks.
个别企业把奥运健儿姓名等相关特定指代含义的热词进行恶意抢注，提交商标注册申请。
The behavior, which is to benefit from others' reputation, has not only harmed Olympic athletes' rights and interests, but also brought negative effects to society, according to the note.
该行为攫取或不正当利用他人市场声誉，侵害他人姓名权及其合法权益，已产生了恶劣的社会影响。
It said the administration will intensify efforts to fight malicious trademark registrations and keep a sound business environment, adding applicants or agencies that use improper means to apply for trademarks will be punished in line with the law.
国家知识产权局将保持严厉打击商标恶意抢注行为的高压态势，对恶意申请商标注册的申请人及其委托的商标代理机构，依法依规严肃处理，持续营造良好的创新环境和营商环境。
8月18日，中国奥委会也就此发表声明。
Without getting permission from the Olympic athletes or guardians of players who are minors, no one should maliciously register their names as trademarks or take other action infringing on the right of their names or other rights, the committee said.
如未获得运动员本人或未成年运动员监护人授权，不得以奥运健儿姓名恶意抢注商标或其他侵犯运动员姓名权等合法权益的行为。
"If such acts occur, the application for trademark registration should be suspended or withdrawn in a timely manner," it said, adding that the athletes or guardians of young players have the right to sue infringers.
有上述行为的，应及时撤回和停止实施商标注册申请。运动员及未成年运动员监护人有依法追究相关侵权行为人法律责任的权利。
《中华人民共和国民法典》规定：
自然人享有姓名权，有权依法决定、使用、变更或者许可他人使用自己的姓名，但是不得违背公序良俗。
A natural person enjoys the right to name and is entitled to determine, use,
change, or allow others to use his name in accordance with law, provided that public order and good morals are not offended.
任何组织或者个人不得以干涉、盗用、假冒等方式侵害他人的姓名权或者名称权。
No organization or individual may infringe upon other’s rights to name or rights to entity name by means such as interference, misappropriation, impersonation, or the like.
人口计生法修订 revised Population and Family Planning Law
8月20日，十三届全国人大常委会第三十次会议审议通过了关于修改人口与计划生育法的决定，这一决定自公布之日起施行。
The revised Population and Family Planning Law allows couples in China to have three children.
修改后的人口计生法规定一对夫妻可以生育三个子女。
The amended law also stipulates that social maintenance fees imposed on families who have violated family planning law, as well as other rules incompatible with the new third-child policy, will be canceled.
此次修法明确，原来向违反计划生育政策的家庭征收社会抚养费以及其他与实施三孩生育政策不适应的规定都被删除。
【知识点】
党的十八大以来，党中央根据我国人口发展变化形势，先后作出一系列重大决策部署。
2013年，十八届三中全会决定启动实施“单独二孩”政策（夫妻中有一方为独生子女的可生育两个孩子，two-child policy for couples of which one partner is an only child）。
2015年，十八届五中全会决定实施“全面二孩政策”（the universal two-child policy），积极开展应对人口老龄化（aging population）行动，促进人口均衡发展（improve the balanced development of population）。
为解决群众生育、养育、教育的后顾之忧，修改后的人口计生法作出了以下有针对性的规定。
The country will roll out more supportive measures in terms of finance, taxation, insurance, education, housing and employment, to ease the burden on families in terms of childbearing, childcare and education.
国家采取财政、税收、保险、教育、住房、就业等支持措施，减轻家庭生育、养育、教育负担。
The revised law stipulates a push for establishing affordable, government-subsidized nursery care service systems, and setting up child care facilities in public spaces and workplaces.
推动建立普惠托育服务体系，支持在公共场所或企事业单位设立托育服务机构。
It also requires local governments to set up sufficient public facilities to cater for infants and young children when building or revamping communities. Public areas and institutions employing a large number of female workers should also set up nursery services.
规定县级以上地方各级人民政府应当在城乡社区建设改造中，建设与常住人口规模相适应的婴幼儿活动场所及配套服务设施。公共场所和女职工比较多的用人单位应当配置母婴设施。
The law also includes a provision addressing parental leave, making it clear that support will be given to regions exercising the practice.
此次修法还增加“国家支持有条件的地方设立父母育儿假”的规定。
【词汇讲解】
这里的parental leave指父母双方在孩子出生后均可以享受的假期，即“育儿假”，而母亲在生产后按规定享受的一段假期是maternity/maternal leave（产假），如果是“带薪产假”则为paid maternity leave。Maternity和maternal这两个词都与mother这个词相关，而拉丁语中的“妈妈”一词为mater，正是maternity和maternal的词根。我们都知道英语中表达亲戚关系的词都是uncle、aunt这样，而不是像中文那样“叔叔”、“舅舅”、“姑姑”、“阿姨”分的很清楚，如果在表达的时候想要区分，可以在前面加上maternal或者paternal，比如：my maternal aunt就是“我姨”，而my paternal aunt则是“我姑”。
It adds that medical facilities nationwide should launch awareness campaigns on promoting reproductive health and providing services in this respect.
此次修法规定医疗卫生机构应当开展优生优育知识宣传教育并提供相关服务。
对于“三孩”政策实施后，女性可能面临的职场歧视，此次修法也做出了规定：
The revised law states that a women's right to employment will be guaranteed and employment services will be provided for those whose job prospects are affected due to pregnancies.
修法规定，国家保障妇女就业合法权益，为因生育影响就业的妇女提供就业服务。
在保障计划生育家庭的合法权益方面，此次修法也做出了规定。
China will continue to implement its current reward and assistance system and preferential policies for one-child families. The elderly in such families will be given preferential treatment in terms of welfare benefits and elderly care services, according to the amendment.
我国将继续对独生子女家庭执行现有的奖励扶助措施，并在老年人福利、养老服务等方面给予必要的优先和照顾。
Couples whose only child has died or is disabled should receive comprehensive care provided by local governments.
获得《独生子女父母光荣证》的夫妻，独生子女发生意外伤残、死亡的，按照规定获得全方位帮扶。
火星车 Mars rover
8月23日，我国首次火星探测任务“天问一号”探测器成功发射满13个月，探测器成功着陆火星满100天。
China's Mars rover Zhurong had traveled more than 1,000 meters on the surface of the red planet as of Monday, the Lunar Exploration and Space Program Center of the China National Space Administration (CNSA) said. The Mars rover has outlived its three-month life expectancy with all of its predetermined tasks completed.
国家航天局表示，8月23日，“祝融号”火星车在火星表面行驶里程已突破1000米，已完成全部预定任务，且超出其3个月的设计寿命。
【知识点】
“祝融号”火星车重240公斤，设计寿命3个月，任务是研究火星形貌与地质构造特征（survey Mars' landforms, geological structures）、火星表面土壤特征与水冰分布（soil characteristics, potential locations of water and ice）、火星大气电离层及表面气候与环境特征（atmospheric and environmental characteristics）、火星物理场与内部结构（magnetic and gravitational fields and other physical properties）等。
China's Tianwen-1 mission was launched on July 23, 2020, the first step in China's adventure in planetary exploration.
2020年7月23日，“天问一号”任务成功发射，迈出中国行星探测的第一步。
China's Tianwen 1 Mars probe streaked down through the Martian sky on May 15,2021, becoming the country's first probe to land on a planet other than Earth. The lander, carrying a Mars rover, touched down at its pre-selected landing area in the southern part of Utopia Planitia, a vast plain on the northern hemisphere of Mars.
2021年5月15日，“天问一号”火星探测器携“祝融号”火星车成功着陆于火星北半球乌托邦平原南部预选着陆区，实现了我国首次地外行星着陆。
Starting its exploration, Zhurong drove down from its landing platform to the Martian surface on May 22, 2021.
2021年5月22日，“祝融号”火星车离开着陆平台，驶入火星表面。
2021年8月15日，“祝融号”度过了90个火星日（90 Martian days），所有科学载荷开机探测，共获取约10GB原始数据，“祝融号”火星车圆满完成既定巡视探测任务（accomplish planned exploration and detection tasks）。
【知识点】
火星日（Martian day）平均为 24 小时 39 分 35.244 秒，或 1.027 地球日。火星公转周期（the revolution period of Mars）为 1.88 地球年，687 地球日，或 668.6 火星日。
The CNSA added that the rover will continue to move to the boundary zone between the ancient sea and land in the southern part of Utopia Planitia to carry out tasks.
国家航天局表示，“祝融号”火星车将继续向乌托邦平原南部的古海陆交界地带行驶，实施拓展任务。
据介绍，目前，环绕器运行在中继通信轨道，主要为火星车进行中继通信（relay communication）。
The rover will suspend its operations from mid-September to late-October due to the anticipated disruption of its communications with Earth caused by solar electromagnetic radiation, and will then resume its mission.
2021年9月中旬至10月下旬，由于受太阳电磁辐射干扰的影响，器地通信将中断，火星车将停止探测工作，之后任务继续进行 。
【知识点】
2021年9月中旬至10月下旬，火星、地球将运行至太阳的两侧，且三者近乎处于一条直线，即出现日凌现象（sun transit outage）。此时，太阳强大的电磁辐射会对卫星下行信号造成强烈的干扰。
央行将发行纪念币
中国人民银行8月23日发布消息称，定于2021年8月30日发行中国首次火星探测任务成功金银纪念币一套（ a set of commemorative coins to celebrate the success of China's first Mars exploration mission）。
该套纪念币共3枚，其中金质纪念币2枚，银质纪念币1枚，均为中华人民共和国法定货币。
北京环球度假区 Universal Beijing Resort
北京环球度假区宣布将于9月1日正式开启试运行。
Universal Beijing Resort will be open to invited guests only during the trial operation, including selected resort partners and a limited number of winners in official marketing activities.
试运行期间，北京环球度假区仅对受邀客人开放，受邀客人包括部分度假区合作伙伴，以及正式市场推广活动中选中的部分粉丝。
北京环球度假区位于北京市通州区，由北京环球影城主题公园（the Universal Studios theme park）、北京环球城市大道（Universal CityWalk Beijing）以及两家度假酒店、37处游乐设施（recreational facilities）、主题景点以及餐饮设施等组成。这是全世界第五家、中国首家环球度假区（the fifth Universal Studios theme park in the world and the first in China）。
During trial operations, invited guests will experience selected rides, attractions, shows and dining services throughout the Universal Studios Beijing theme park on designated dates.
试运行期间，受邀客人将在指定日期体验主题公园中部分景点、娱乐设施、演出和餐饮服务。
严格遵守疫情防控措施
The identity information of the invited guests will be pre-registered and invited guests must complete ticket and ID verification, and related pandemic control process at the park entrance before entering the park.
参与试运行测试体验的受邀客人需提前绑定身份信息，在主题公园入口处完成门票及身份核验，并通过疫情防控的相关检查，方可入园。
不售票，不可转让
Universal Studios Beijing Trial Operations Tickets will not be sold to the general public and cannot be transferred. The general public should be alerted to the risks of fraudulent trial operations tickets to avoid any personal losses.
北京环球影城试运行门票不会对公众售卖，且不可转让。请消费者警惕虚假信息及相关风险，以免造成损失。
据悉，北京环球影城共有七大主题景区（themed lands），分别为功夫熊猫盖世之地（Kung Fu Panda Land of Awesomeness）、变形金刚基地（Transformers Metrobase）、小黄人乐园（Minion Land）、哈利波特的魔法世界（The Wizarding World of Harry Potter）、侏罗纪世界努布拉岛（Jurassic World Isla Nublar）、好莱坞（Hollywood）和未来水世界（Waterworld），并且对电影中的许多场景都进行了完美复刻。
教师轮岗 rotation program for teachers
北京市委教育工委副书记、市教委新闻发言人李奕8月25日在北京市教育“双减”工作新闻发布会上介绍，在新学期北京将大比例促进干部教师轮岗交流。
Primary and middle school teachers in Beijing's public school system will be required to take part in rotation programs to further improve education equity and quality in the city.
北京市公办中小学教师都将参加轮岗项目，促进教育优质均衡。
【词汇讲解】
这里的rotation来自于动词rotate，表示“旋转；轮换、轮流”等意思，比如：The Earth rotates on its axis（地球绕着地轴旋转），rotate crops/crop rotation（农作物轮作）， Rotating Presidency of UN Security Council（联合国安理会轮值主席国）等，在rotation program里，rotation主要强调“the act of different people doing the same job at different times”（在不同时间段由不同的人从事同一个岗位的工作），也就是我们这里说的“轮岗”。
交流轮岗的对象是谁？
Teachers and principals who have worked at the same school for more than six years will be asked to shift to another school and share their knowledge and experience with new colleagues and students. Educators who are more than five years away from retirement are eligible for the program.
凡是距离退休时间超过5年的，并且在同一所学校任职满6年的教师和校长均应进行交流轮岗，到其他学校与师生分享经验和知识。
交流的形式有哪些？
The rotation programs will be carried out in different ways based on participants' positions in which principals will rotate within the district, outstanding teachers equally distributed, and average teachers rotate on assigned jobs.
交流的形式包括区域内校长交流轮换、骨干教师均衡配置、普通教师派位轮岗等。
Districts with weak teaching talent can get better support via methods such as dual-teacher classes during the program.
通过双师课堂等方式为师资薄弱的地区提供更多支持。
如何做好保障？
The new policy provides incentives for qualified educators to move, such as higher pay and rotation participation being taken into account when promotion is considered.
新政策为参与轮岗的干部教师提供激励措施，比如绩效工资适当倾斜，晋升时将参与轮岗作为评选条件等。
北京校长教师轮岗第一批试点区为东城区、密云区。
Education authorities in Dongcheng district said all eligible teachers in the district would take part in rotations over the next three years. Officials in Miyun district have also announced that they have arranged for 50 educators to take part in rotations this year.
东城区教育管理部门表示，未来三年，区内所有符合条件的教师都将参加轮岗。密云区宣布，今年已安排50人参加轮岗。
全国国土调查 national land resource survey
国务院第三次全国国土调查领导小组办公室、自然资源部、国家统计局发布《第三次全国国土调查主要数据公报》。
China now has a total area of 23.46 million hectares of wetlands, of which mangrove forests account for 27,100, according to the third national land resource survey.
第三次全国国土调查数据显示，我国现有湿地2346万公顷，其中，红树林地2.71万公顷。
【知识点】
第三次全国国土调查（the third national land resource survey）以2019年12月31日为标准时点，全面查清了全国国土利用状况，建立了覆盖国家、省、地、县四级的国土调查数据库。全面掌握了耕地（farmland）、园地（garden land）、林地（forest）、草地（grassland）、湿地（wetland）、城镇村及工矿用地（land for urban, rural, industrial and mining activities）、交通运输用地（land used for transport system）、水域及水利设施用地（land used for water and water conservancy facilities）等全国主要地类数据。其中，湿地是第三次全国国土调查新增的一级地类。
调查数据显示：
Forest area in China surged from 253.95 million hectares in 2009 to the current 284.12 million hectares.
我国林地面积从2009年的25395万公顷增加到现在的28412万公顷。
During the period, farmland area witnessed a slight drop from 135.38 million hectares to 127.86 million hectares.
在此期间，耕地面积出现轻微下降，由2009年的13538万公顷减少到现在的12786万公顷。
自然资源部副部长王广华介绍：
It mainly resulted from structural adjustments in the agriculture industry and the country's greening project.
耕地地类减少的主要原因是农业结构调整和国土绿化。
The decline of farmland will not bring any effect to the country's food security, as the current area of farmland is safely above the 124-million-hectare line set for cultivated land.
耕地面积减少不会对我国的粮食安全带来任何影响，因为现有耕地面积已超出了此前设定的12400万公顷耕地保有量目标。
东京残奥会 2020 Tokyo Paralympics
8月29日，中国军团在东京残奥会上成绩亮眼。
China's Paralympians continued their gold rush at Tokyo 2020, pocketing 16 more golds on Sunday and keeping the country atop the medal standings with 46 golds and 104 medals in total.
东京残奥会中国代表团继续夺金之旅，8月29日当天收获16枚金牌，以46枚金牌和104枚奖牌的成绩继续位列金牌榜和奖牌榜榜首。
【词汇讲解】
Pocket这个词我们最熟悉的用法是衣服的“口袋，兜”，coat pocket，如果说someone has a deep pocket，我们就可以理解为“某人很有钱”，当然，我们也可以说a corporation with deep pockets（某个集团资金实力雄厚）。但是在本文的语境中，pocket用作动词，表示to put in one's pocket，即“收入囊中”，比如：pocket the change（把找零装在兜里）。此外，我们还可以用wrap，bag等词来表示将金牌“收入囊中”这个说法。比如：China bagged women's gymnastics all-around gold and silver at the Asian Games.（中国队包揽了亚运会女子体操全能项目的金银牌）。
女子50米自由泳S11级决赛当日重赛
In a re-swim of the women's 50m freestyle S11 swimming final on Sunday night, China's Ma Jia took gold and set a new world record of 29.20 seconds. Compatriot Li Guizhi took silver.
当晚的女子50米自由泳S11级决赛重赛中，中国选手马佳夺冠，并创造了29秒20的新世界纪录，她的队友李桂芝获得亚军。
此前，8月27日，东京残奥会女子50米自由泳S11级决赛中，中国选手马佳和李桂芝包揽金银牌，马佳还打破了世界纪录。但随后传来消息称，中国选手金银牌被取消，该项目于29日重赛。
"We were a little surprised that night when we were told of a re-swim," said Ma. "But I don't think there was a lot of pressure. It's just another race, just put your all into it."
马佳表示：“当晚听说要重赛，我们都有点意外。不过，我没觉得有很大压力，就是重新比一次而已，全力以赴就可以了。”
The re-swim came after a statement by International Paralympic Committee spokesman Craig Spence, who said that there had been an appeal after Friday's race, during which "the Chinese athlete in lane five [Li Guizhi] and the Dutch athlete in lane six [Liesette Bruinsma] unintentionally came into contact with each other."
对于重赛的决定，国际残奥委会发言人克莱格·斯宾塞表示，27日的比赛后收到申诉，称比赛中“第五道的中国运动员（李桂芝）和第六道的荷兰运动员（利塞特·布鲁斯曼）发生了无意识的接触”。
Following a review by the jury of appeal, it was decided that the race should be re-swum.
经申诉委员会评议后，决定该项比赛进行重赛。
其他项目亮点频出
During the women's singles class 8 table tennis final, China's Mao Jingdian won 3-1 against her teammate Huang Wenjuan, dominating the event with her third straight gold medals.
乒乓球女单8级决赛，中国选手茅经典和黄文娟打成3比1，分获冠亚军，茅经典实现了该项目三连冠。
On the tennis court, Chinese athletes pocketed five of the eight golds up for grabs on Sunday.
当日的网球八个夺牌项目比赛中，中国选手将5枚金牌收入囊中。
In the women's 200m T35 final, Chinese sprinter Zhou Xia backed up her 100m victory by winning gold in a world record time of 27.17 seconds.
中国名将周霞以27秒17卫冕女子200米T35级，创造了新的世界纪录，本届残奥会，周霞在女子100米、200米T35级比赛中实现双卫冕。
网络游戏 online games
近日，国家新闻出版署下发《关于进一步严格管理 切实防止未成年人沉迷网络游戏的通知》，针对未成年人过度使用甚至沉迷网络游戏问题，进一步严格管理措施。
The notice requires online game companies to allow minors to play only from 8 pm to 9 pm on Fridays, weekends and official holidays, with no access permitted at other times.
通知要求，所有网络游戏企业仅可在周五、周六、周日和法定节假日每日20时至21时向未成年人提供1小时服务，其他时间均不得以任何形式向未成年人提供网络游戏服务。
【单词讲解】
Minor这个词用法很多，可以用作动词、名词和形容词。在法律上，minor指未满18岁的人，即“未成年人”。在学校里，minor可以指“辅修（课程）”或者“辅修生”，与major（专业）相对，比如，I'm minoring in computer science./Computer science is my minor.（我辅修计算机科学。）用作形容词的时候，minor也是与major相对的，表示“次要的、轻微的、小的”，比如，She played a number of minor roles in films.（她在电影里扮演过一些小角色。）
Underage和minor都表示“未成年”，二者的区别在于，underage是形容词，表示“is legally too young to do something”，也就是“未到法定年龄的”，比如：underage youth（未成年人）、underage drinking（未成年人饮酒行为）等；而minor是名词，与adult相对，大家应该都很熟悉了，比如：cigarette sales to minors are not allowed（禁止向未成年人销售香烟）。
为何严格限制未成年人网络游戏时间？
2019年国家新闻出版署《关于防止未成年人沉迷网络游戏的通知》规定：
Online game companies could provide no more than one and a half hours of service to minors on ordinary days, with the limit set at no more than three hours on official holidays.
网络游戏企业向未成年人提供游戏服务的时长，法定节假日每日累计不得超过3小时，其他时间每日累计不得超过1.5小时。
对此不少家长反映该标准仍较宽松，建议从严压缩。
Allowing less time for online games will help guide minors to physical exercise and social activities that are better for study and health, the administration said.
此次通知进一步压缩网络游戏时间，将引导未成年人积极参与体育锻炼、社会实践等健康有益的活动。
We leave some time for minors to play online games because some teachers and parents said that they understand and accept minors' moderate exposure to the games, especially healthy ones including sports games, programming and chess.
之所以留有少量时间向未成年人开放，主要是部分老师和家长反映，适度接触游戏是可以理解和接受的，特别是一些运动类游戏以及编程、象棋、围棋等游戏形式，对青少年健康成长具有积极作用。
通知提出的其他要求还包括：
It also urged the strict implementation of real-name registration and logins, saying that online game providers must not provide any form of game service to users who fail to register and log in using their real identifications.
严格落实网络游戏用户账号实名注册和登录要求，不得以任何形式向未实名注册和登录的用户提供游戏服务。
Press and publication administrations at all levels have been asked to supervise the implementation of related measures and deal with companies that fail to put measures in place.
各级出版管理部门要加强对有关措施落实情况的监督检查，对未严格落实的网络游戏企业，依法依规严肃处理。
针对未成年人沉迷网络等问题，今年6月1日起施行的《中华人民共和国未成年人保护法》作出规定：
Internet product and service providers shall not offer minors with products and services that induce addiction, says the revision.
网络产品和服务提供者不得向未成年人提供诱导其沉迷的产品和服务。
Providers of online services, including game, livestream, audio and video, and social media, shall set up corresponding functions such as time limit, authorization and consumption limit for minors, according to the revision.
网络游戏、网络直播、网络音视频、网络社交等网络服务提供者应当针对未成年人使用其服务设置相应的时间管理、权限管理、消费管理等功能。
（中国日报网英语点津 Helen）
