7月，庆祝中国共产党成立一百周年庆祝大会隆重举行；《"十四五"循环经济发展规划》；中共中央、国务院发文支持浦东新区高水平改革开放打造社会主义现代化建设引领区；女排运动员朱婷、跆拳道运动员赵帅担任东京奥运会开幕式中国体育代表团旗手；郑州突降暴雨；台风“烟花”来袭；我国将开展国际消费中心城市培育建设；海南跨境服务贸易负面清单发布；我国奥运健儿在东京奥运会上奋力拼搏。
7月新闻热词汇总
中国共产党成立一百周年 the centenary of CPC
庆祝中国共产党成立一百周年庆祝大会7月1日上午8时在北京天安门广场隆重举行。中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席习近平发表重要讲话。
以下为讲话要点：
China has realized the first centenary goal -- building a moderately prosperous society in all respects. This means that we have brought about a historic resolution to the problem of absolute poverty in China, and we are now marching in confident strides toward the second centenary goal of building China into a great modern socialist country in all respects.
我们实现了第一个百年奋斗目标，在中华大地上全面建成了小康社会，历史性地解决了绝对贫困问题，正在意气风发向着全面建成社会主义现代化强国的第二个百年奋斗目标迈进。
The Party unites and leads the Chinese people in pursuing a great struggle, a great project, a great cause, and a great dream through a spirit of self-confidence, self-reliance, and innovation, achieving great success for socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era.
中国共产党团结带领中国人民，自信自强、守正创新，统揽伟大斗争、伟大工程、伟大事业、伟大梦想，创造了新时代中国特色社会主义的伟大成就。
The CPC and the Chinese people, through tenacious struggle, have shown the world that China's national rejuvenation has become a historical inevitability. They have shown the world that the Chinese nation has achieved the tremendous transformation from standing up and growing prosperous to becoming strong.
中国共产党和中国人民以英勇顽强的奋斗向世界庄严宣告，中华民族迎来了从站起来、富起来到强起来的伟大飞跃，实现中华民族伟大复兴进入了不可逆转的历史进程！
The people are the true heroes, for it is they who create history.
人民是历史的创造者，是真正的英雄。
The leadership of the Party is the defining feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics and constitutes the greatest strength of this system. It is the foundation and lifeblood of the Party and the country, and the crux upon which the interests and wellbeing of all Chinese people depend.
中国共产党领导是中国特色社会主义最本质的特征，是中国特色社会主义制度的最大优势，是党和国家的根本所在、命脉所在，是全国各族人民的利益所系、命运所系。
Any attempt to divide the Party from the Chinese people or to set the people against the Party is bound to fail. The more than 95 million Party members and the more than 1.4 billion Chinese people will never allow such a scenario to come to pass.
任何想把中国共产党同中国人民分割开来、对立起来的企图，都是绝不会得逞的！9500多万中国共产党人不答应！14亿多中国人民也不答应！
We have upheld and developed socialism with Chinese characteristics and driven coordinated progress in material, political, cultural-ethical, social, and ecological terms, we have pioneered a new and uniquely Chinese path to modernization, and created a new model for human civilization.
我们坚持和发展中国特色社会主义，推动物质文明、政治文明、精神文明、社会文明、生态文明协调发展，创造了中国式现代化新道路，创造了人类文明新形态。
We are eager to learn what lessons we can from the achievements of other cultures, and welcome helpful suggestions and constructive criticism. We will not, however, accept sanctimonious preaching from those who feel they have the right to lecture us.
我们积极学习借鉴人类文明的一切有益成果，欢迎一切有益的建议和善意的批评，但我们绝不接受“教师爷”般颐指气使的说教！
We have never bullied, oppressed, or subjugated the people of any other country, and we never will.
中国人民从来没有欺负、压迫、奴役过其他国家人民，过去没有，现在没有，将来也不会有。
Chinese people will never allow any foreign force to bully, oppress, or subjugate us. Anyone who would attempt to do so will find themselves on a collision course with a great wall of steel forged by over 1.4 billion Chinese people.
中国人民也绝不允许任何外来势力欺负、压迫、奴役我们，谁妄想这样干，必将在14亿多中国人民用血肉筑成的钢铁长城面前碰得头破血流！
We are closer, more confident, and more capable than ever before of making the goal of national rejuvenation a reality. But we must be prepared to work harder than ever to get there.
今天，我们比历史上任何时期都更接近、更有信心和能力实现中华民族伟大复兴的目标，同时必须准备付出更为艰巨、更为艰苦的努力。
In the course of our struggles over the past century, the Party has always placed the united front in a position of importance.
在百年奋斗历程中，中国共产党始终把统一战线摆在重要位置。
We will stay true to the letter and spirit of the principle of One Country, Two Systems, under which the people of Hong Kong administer Hong Kong, and the people of Macao administer Macao, both with a high degree of autonomy.
我们要全面准确贯彻“一国两制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治的方针。
Resolving the Taiwan question and realizing China's complete reunification is a historic mission and an unshakable commitment of the Communist Party of China.
解决台湾问题、实现祖国完全统一，是中国共产党矢志不渝的历史任务。
No one should underestimate the great resolve, the strong will, and the extraordinary ability of the Chinese people to defend their national sovereignty and territorial integrity.
任何人都不要低估中国人民捍卫国家主权和领土完整的坚强决心、坚定意志、强大能力！
The future belongs to the young people, and the hopes also rest with them.
未来属于青年，希望寄予青年。
In the new era, the young people should make it their mission to contribute to national rejuvenation and aspire to become more proud, confident, and assured in their identity as Chinese people so that they can live up to the expectations of the times, the Party, and the people.
新时代的中国青年要以实现中华民族伟大复兴为己任，增强做中国人的志气、骨气、底气，不负时代，不负韶华，不负党和人民的殷切期望！
The image China presents to the world today is one of a thriving nation that is advancing with unstoppable momentum toward rejuvenation.
今天，中华民族向世界展现的是一派欣欣向荣的气象，正以不可阻挡的步伐迈向伟大复兴。
The CPC is rallying and leading the Chinese people on a new journey toward realizing the second centenary goal.
现在，中国共产党团结带领中国人民又踏上了实现第二个百年奋斗目标新的赶考之路。
It is certain that with the firm leadership of the Party and the great unity of the Chinese people of all ethnic groups, we will achieve the goal of building a great modern socialist country in all respects and fulfill the Chinese Dream of great national rejuvenation.
有中国共产党的坚强领导，有全国各族人民的紧密团结，全面建成社会主义现代化强国的目标一定能够实现，中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦一定能够实现！
The Chinese nation does not carry aggressive or hegemonic traits in its genes.
中华民族的血液中没有侵略他人、称王称霸的基因。
The Party cares about the future of humanity, and wishes to move forward in tandem with all progressive forces around the world. China has always worked to safeguard world peace, contribute to global development, and preserve international order.
中国共产党关注人类前途命运，同世界上一切进步力量携手前进，中国始终是世界和平的建设者、全球发展的贡献者、国际秩序的维护者！
党员数量 Party membership
中央组织部最新党内统计数据显示，截至2021年6月5日，中国共产党党员总数为9514.8万名，党的基层组织总数为486.4万个。
Membership was 3.5 percent up from the figure reported at the end of 2019, and approximately 20 times more than the figure in 1949 when the People's Republic of China (PRC) was founded, the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee said in the report.
中组部统计公报指出，全国党员总量比2019年底增长3.5%，比1949年新中国成立时的448.8万名增长约20倍。
About 2.31 million people joined the CPC in the first half of this year, the statement added.
今年上半年，全国新发展党员231.2万名。
The continuous increase of members has shown the strong vitality of the Party and the prosperity of the Party's cause.
更多的新鲜血液加入党的队伍，彰显出党的强大生机与活力，展现出党的事业兴旺发达、欣欣向荣的蓬勃气象。
党员队伍结构不断优化
The composition of Party membership has continuously improved, featuring a rising number of young members, higher education level, and steady growth in the proportion of female members and those from ethnic minority groups, according to the report.
党员队伍结构不断优化。年轻党员持续增加。文化程度明显提高。女党员、少数民族党员比重不断提升。
Nearly 23.68 million Party members, or 24.9 percent of the total membership, were aged 35 or younger, 0.7 percentage point higher than the rate at the end of 2019, with 52 percent of the Party members holding junior college degrees or above.
35岁及以下党员达2367.9万名，占党员总数的24.9%，比2019年底提高0.7个百分点。具有大专及以上学历的党员达4951.3万名，占党员总数的52.0%。
As of June 5, the CPC had 27.45 million female members, accounting for 28.8 percent of the total membership, compared with merely 11.9 percent in the early days of New China. Meanwhile, the proportion of members from ethnic minority groups has grown from 2.5 percent to 7.5 percent. The total number of Party members from ethnic minority groups has reached 7.135 million, with each of the 55 ethnic minority groups in China having a certain number of Party members.
与新中国成立初期相比，女党员占比由11.9%提高至28.8%，总量达2745.0万名。少数民族党员占比由2.5%提高至7.5%，总量达713.5万名，全国55个少数民族都有一定数量的党员。
Workers and peasants remain the majority of the CPC members, accounting for 33.9 percent of the total membership, with their total number currently 11.6 times the figure in 1949, data from the report shows.
工人和农民仍是党员队伍主体，占党员总数的33.9%，数量是新中国成立时的11.6倍。
Among the CPC members, 10.61 million are management personnel in enterprises, public institutions and social organizations, while 15 million are professional and technical personnel, making up 11.2 percent and 15.8 percent of the total respectively.
党员队伍中，企事业单位、社会组织管理人员1061万名、占11.2%，专业技术人员1500多万名、占15.8%。
党的组织体系日趋严密
All the neighborhood offices in urban areas, townships, communities and administrative villages have established primary-level Party organizations, according to the report.
全国城市街道、乡镇、社区（居委会）、行政村已建立党组织。
基层党组织战斗堡垒作用和党员先锋模范作用充分发挥。
Since the 18th CPC National Congress in late 2012, a total of 255,000 resident work teams have been sent to impoverished villages and more than 3 million people have been dispatched to serve as first secretaries and village officials to boost poverty eradication efforts on the front lines.
党的十八大以来，全国累计选派25.5万个驻村工作队、300多万名第一书记和驻村干部，助力打赢脱贫攻坚战。
More than 3.3 million primary-level Party organizations and 39 million Party members have been mobilized to assist the fight against COVID-19.
组织动员330多万个基层党组织、3900多万名党员干部投身新冠肺炎疫情防控。
京沪高铁 Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway
With a total length of 1,318 km and linking the capital with the eastern coastal economic hub of Shanghai, the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway is the world's longest high-speed line ever constructed in a single phase.
京沪高铁全长1318公里，是当时世界上一次建成线路最长的高速铁路，连接首都北京和华东沿海经济枢纽城市上海。
10年间，京沪高铁在中国高铁发展史上创造多项成绩，飞驰出一道亮丽轨迹。
A total of 1.35 billion passenger trips have been made safely on the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway since it went into operation 10 years ago.
10年间，京沪高铁累计安全运送旅客13.5亿人次。
In 2019, the railway handled a record 210 million passenger trips, or 9.3 percent of China's high-speed railway traffic, with only 3.7 percent of the total high-speed railway network in operation.
2019年，京沪高铁年旅客发送量达到2.1亿人次，以我国高铁3.7%的营业里程完成了全国高铁9.3%的旅客发送量。
Over the past decade, 666 trains plied on the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway on the busiest day, while the highest daily passenger count reached around 798,000 trips.
10年来，京沪高铁单日开行旅客列车最高达666列，单日最高发送旅客79.8万人次。
In September 2017, China increased the maximum speed of bullet trains on the railway to 350 km per hour. The speed increase cut the Beijing-Shanghai journey to 4 hours and 28 minutes.
2017年9月，京沪高铁列车成功实现时速350公里商业运营，京沪之间的运行时间缩短为4小时28分钟。
High-speed trains between Beijing and Shanghai had quiet carriages at the end of last year. The facility is aimed at providing a more tranquil and comfortable ambiance for travelers.
去年底，京沪高铁推出静音车厢，旨在为乘客提供一个更加安静舒适的乘车环境。
【知识点：compartment和carriage有什么区别】
铁路客车上一节一节的车厢在英式英语中一般用coach或carriage表示，美式英语中常用car表示，乘客车厢就是passenger coach或passenger car，卧铺车厢中独立的隔间叫compartment。火车上其他功能的车厢还有：行李车厢（baggage car）、餐车（dinning car）、卧铺车厢（sleeping car）、硬座车厢（chair car）等。
A flexible pricing mechanism was also initiated, offering preferential ticket prices for commuters and frequent travelers.
此外还推出了灵活定价机制，为常旅客和商务出行人群提供优惠票价。
【知识点】
自2020年12月23日起，京沪高铁公司对京沪高铁运行时速300～350公里的高铁动车组列车公布票价进行优化调整。根据客流情况（passenger flow），区分季节、时段、席别、区段等，各站间执行票价将以公布票价为上限，实行多档次、灵活升降的票价体系，为旅客出行提供更多选择。
The railway has also stayed profitable since 2014. The net profit of Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway Co. Ltd. (BSHSR) surged at an annual average of 39.4 percent between 2014 and 2019. In 2020, the railway remained profitable despite the impact of COVID-19.
京沪高铁开通运营的第四年即2014年以来连续实现盈利。2014年至2019年，京沪高铁净利润年均增幅高达39.4%。在2020年新冠肺炎疫情冲击下，京沪高铁仍保持盈利韧性。
The link has connected 24 cities including Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai. Among them, 11 cities have an urban population of over 1 million. These regions have more than one-fourth of the nation's total population.
京沪高铁所经区域人口占到全国四分之一以上，所经24座城市中城区人口100万以上的有11座。
循环经济 circular economy
China unveiled a plan to promote circular economy for the next five years on July 7, aiming to basically establish a resources recycling system in the country by 2025 as part of efforts to achieve carbon peak and neutrality goals.
为推动实现碳达峰、碳中和，7月7日，我国发布《"十四五"循环经济发展规划》。《规划》提到，预计到 2025 年，资源循环型产业体系基本建立。
China will follow the Thought on Ecological Civilization and implement the new development philosophy. We will aim to achieve greener economic and social development in all aspects, with a special focus on developing green and low-carbon energy. We will continue to prioritize ecological conservation and pursue a green and low-carbon path to development.
中国以生态文明思想为指导，贯彻新发展理念，以经济社会发展全面绿色转型为引领，以能源绿色低碳发展为关键，坚持走生态优先、绿色低碳的发展道路。
基层治理体系和治理能力现代化 modernization of the system and capacity for primary-level governance
The Communist Party of China Central Committee and the State Council have released a plan on modernizing the system and capacity for primary-level governance. Measures should be adapted to local conditions and implemented step by step, while power should be delegated to primary-level governments and their burden should be reduced, the plan says.
中共中央、国务院日前发布了《关于加强基层治理体系和治理能力现代化建设的意见》。《意见》指出，应坚持因地制宜，分步实施，向基层放权赋能，减轻基层负担。
外贸新业态新模式 new forms and models of foreign trade
China's State Council has released guidelines on accelerating the development of new forms and models of foreign trade. China's Ministry of Commerce on July 12 pledged on a press conference to actively expand the integrated pilot zones for cross-border e-commerce to cultivate new competitive edges in foreign trade.
《国务院办公厅关于加快发展外贸新业态新模式的意见》近日发布。商务部在7月12日的吹风会上表示，将扎实推进跨境电商综合试验区建设，培育外贸竞争新优势。
思想政治工作 ideological and political work
China has released a guideline to strengthen and improve its ideological and political work. The document, issued by the Communist Party of China Central Committee and the State Council, stressed that ideological and political work is the CPC's fine tradition, one of the outstanding strengths that the Party enjoys, and the lifeline for all work. It has a significant bearing on the Party's future, the country's long-term law and order, and the unity and cohesion of the Chinese nation, the guideline said.
中共中央、国务院近日印发《关于新时代加强和改进思想政治工作的意见》。《意见》指出，思想政治工作是党的优良传统、鲜明特色和突出政治优势，是一切工作的生命线。加强和改进思想政治工作，事关党的前途命运，事关国家长治久安，事关民族凝聚力和向心力。
社会主义现代化建设引领区 pioneer area for socialist modernization
China issued a guideline to support high-level reform and opening-up of the Pudong New Area in Shanghai. The guideline was jointly released by the Communist Party of China Central Committee and the State Council, and listed measures to build Pudong into a pioneer area for socialist modernization.
《中共中央 国务院关于支持浦东新区高水平改革开放打造社会主义现代化建设引领区的意见》近日发布。
China will promote high-level reform and opening-up in Pudong to provide an important channel for making better use of domestic and international markets and resources, according to the guideline. Pudong is positioned as a central node of the domestic circulation and a strategic link of China's new development paradigm of "dual circulation," and is expected to play a better role in leading and stimulating the integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta.
意见指出，推动浦东高水平改革开放，为更好利用国内国际两个市场两种资源提供重要通道，构建国内大循环的中心节点和国内国际双循环的战略链接，在长三角一体化发展中更好发挥龙头辐射作用。
旗手 flag-bearer
Women's volleyball team skipper Zhu Ting and taekwondo athlete Zhao Shuai have been named as the Chinese delegation's flag-bearers at the opening ceremony of the Tokyo Olympic Games, the Chinese Olympic Committee (COC) announced in a statement posted on its social media account late on Saturday.
7月17日晚，中国奥林匹克委员会在其社交媒体账号发文称，女排运动员朱婷、跆拳道运动员赵帅将担任东京奥运会开幕式中国体育代表团旗手。
【词汇讲解】
“旗手”，根据不同的语言风格要求英文可以写作flag-bearer、flagbearer或者flag bearer，多指“a person who is responsible for carrying the flag of their country at a ceremony, particularly at the opening or closing of an international sports contest”（在某个仪式，尤其是国际体育赛事的开闭幕式，负责承举本国国旗的人）。此外，flagbearer还表示“某个活动或运动的领袖人物”，比如： He intends to become the next flagbearer for the party（他的意向是成为该党的下一任领袖）。
朱婷是我国著名排球运动员，随队夺得了2015年女排世界杯、2016年里约奥运会和2019年女排世界杯冠军，还多次在国际排坛的重要赛事中当选最有价值球员（Most Valuable Player），被誉为“MVP收割机”。
对于担任中国体育代表团旗手，朱婷表示：
I really appreciate the trust from our Chinese delegation. It's a huge honor for me to be named the flag-bearer, and great responsiblity too. I feel greatly motivated by it.
感谢代表团对女排、对我的肯定与信任。担任旗手是一份荣誉，也是一份责任，让我更有动力，去做好每一天、走好每一步。
Watching our national flag hoisted along with the national anthem is always my goal, and that of the Chinese women's volleyball team as well.
我们的目标还是升国旗、奏国歌。
另一位旗手赵帅是中国男子跆拳道领军人物。
Zhao made history by winning China's first Olympic gold in men's taekwondo when he triumphed in the 58kg category at the Rio Olympics.
2016年，赵帅获得里约奥运会跆拳道男子58公斤级冠军，实现中国男子跆拳道奥运会金牌“零的突破”。
国际奥委会鼓励各国代表团设男女旗手
The International Olympic Committee (IOC) said in a joint statement with the International Paralympic Committee (IPC), the Tokyo 2020 Organising Committee, the Government of Japan and the Tokyo Metropolitan Government (TMG) that all 206 National Olympic Committees (NOCs) and the IOC Refugee Olympic Team will be encouraged to have their flag carried by one female and one male athlete at the opening ceremony.
国际奥委会、国际残奥委会与东京奥组委、日本政府以及东京都政府发表联合声明，鼓励206个国家的奥委会以及难民代表团在奥运会开幕式上派出男、女各一名运动员作为旗手。
The IOC also requests all 206 National Olympic Committees (NOCs) for the first time ever to have at least one female and one male athlete in their respective Olympic teams.
国际奥委会同时首次要求全部206个参赛代表团中至少有一名男性运动员和一名女性运动员。
【奥运新闻】
7月14日晚，东京奥组委公布了东京奥运会开闭幕式的理念，均只以英文发布。
其中，开幕式理念与奥运会和残奥会口号相同，为“United by Emotion”，中文意为“情同与共”；闭幕式理念为“Worlds we share”，中文意为“我们共享的世界”。
至于为什么是“United by Emotion”，东京奥组委的解释是：
The world is made up of people who are different ages and nationalities and come from all walks of life, and now, due to the pandemic, we are physically separated. This is why, Tokyo 2020 wants everyone to experience the same excitement, joy, and at times disappointment, through the athletes’ competitive performances.
世界是由不同年龄、不同国籍、来自各行各业的人们组成的。现在，由于新冠疫情，我们在地理上被隔离。这就是为什么东京2020奥运会希望每个人都能通过运动员的竞技表现体验同样的兴奋、喜悦或是失望。
东京奥组委还公布了东京奥运会和残奥会全部开闭幕仪式的共同口号，为“Moving Forward”，中文意为“前进”，表达了奥林匹克运动和残奥运动克服困难、带领全人类走出疫情的决心。
人均可支配收入 per capita disposable income
近日，国家统计局更新了31省份2021年上半年居民人均可支配收入数据，并发布了上半年31省份居民人均消费支出数据。
China's per capita disposable income stood at 17,642 yuan in the first half of the year, up 12.6 percent from the same period last year in nominal terms, official data showed. After deducting price factors, per capita disposable income rose 12 percent year on year.
官方数据显示，上半年，全国居民人均可支配收入17642元，同比名义增长12.6%。扣除价格因素影响，实际增长12%。
【知识点】
居民可支配收入（disposable income），指居民可用于最终消费支出和储蓄（consumption expenditures and savings）的总和，即居民可用于自由支配的收入，既包括现金收入，也包括实物收入。
国家统计局表示，
The higher growth rate was mainly affected by the low base in the first half of last year.
增幅较高，主要是受去年上半年低基数影响。
Separately, urban per capita disposable income came in at 24,125 yuan, up 11.4 percent in nominal terms, and 10.7 percent in real terms, while income in rural areas stood at 9,248 yuan, up 14.6 percent in nominal terms, and 14.1 percent in real terms.
分城乡看，城镇居民人均可支配收入24125元，同比名义增长11.4%，扣除价格因素，实际增长10.7%；农村居民人均可支配收入9248元，同比名义增长14.6%，扣除价格因素，实际增长14.1%。
居民消费支出情况
Chinese per capita nominal consumer spending rose 18 percent year on year to 11,471 yuan in the first half of the year. After factoring in price levels, spending went up 17.4 percent year on year.
上半年，全国居民人均消费支出11471元，比上年同期名义增长18.0%，扣除价格因素，实际增长17.4%。
Besides Shanghai and Beijing, seven other provinces and municipalities, including Zhejiang, Tianjin, Guangdong, Jiangsu, Fujian, Chongqing and Hubei, have all registered higher consumer spending than the national average.
上海、北京、浙江、天津、广东、江苏、福建、重庆、湖北9省份人均消费超全国平均水平。
具体来看，上海、北京人均消费均超2万元。其中上海最能花，人均消费23644元；北京紧随其后，人均消费21564元。
居民的钱都花在哪儿了？
居民消费支出（consumer spending）包括食品烟酒（food, tobacco and alcohol）、衣着（clothing）、居住（housing）、生活用品及服务（daily necessities and services）、交通通信（transportation and communication）、教育文化娱乐（education, culture and entertainment）、医疗保健（healthcare）以及其他用品及服务八大类。
In the first half of the year, per capita expenditure on food, tobacco and alcohol was 3,536 yuan, accounting for the largest proportion at 30.8% of the national per capita consumption expenditures.
上半年，全国居民人均消费支出中，食品烟酒消费人均花销达3536元；占比最高，为30.8%。
【词汇讲解】
在经济类以及数据统计类报道中，每当提及“人均”，我们就会看到per capita这个表达，其实这是一个拉丁语，表示“per person”（每人）。我们经常在报道中看到的相关表达有：人均国内生产总值（per capita gross domestic product）以及本文开头提到的“人均可支配收入”（ per capita disposable income）等。
Per capita living consumption in the first half of the year was 2,649 yuan, accounting for 23.1% of the per capita consumption expenditure, second to that of food, tobacco and alcohol.
上半年人均居住消费支出2649元，占人均消费支出的比重为23.1%，人均消费支出占比仅次于食品烟酒。
Spending on education, culture and entertainment remained the fastest-growing area in per capita expenditures, with an increase of 68.5 percent year-on-year, far more than other sectors.
教育文化娱乐消费的增长最快，增速68.5%；遥遥领先于其他支出类别。
郑州暴雨 torrential rain in Zhengzhou
7月17日以来，河南出现持续性强降水天气，全省大部出现暴雨、大暴雨，强降水主要集中在西部、北部和中部地区，郑州、焦作、新乡等10地市出现特大暴雨。
A total of 99 people have been killed in the torrential rains in the downtown area of Zhengzhou, the provincial capital of central China's Henan province, the local government said. The accumulated rainfall reached 449 mm on average in Zhengzhou from 6 pm Sunday to midnight Tuesday.
河南省政府表示，截至目前，暴雨已造成郑州市区99人死亡。7月18日18时至21日0时，郑州累积平均降水量达449毫米。
【知识点】
从气象上来说，24小时降水量（24-hour precipitation）为50毫米或以上的雨称为“暴雨”（rainstorm/ downpour/ torrential rain）。特大暴雨是一种灾害性天气（disastrous weather），往往造成“洪涝灾害”（flood），在山区还会引发“山体滑坡”（landslide）和“泥石流”（debris flow）。Landslide（山体滑坡）是暴雨使山体不堪重负，由山体薄弱地带断开整体下滑，而debris flow（泥石流）是暴雨使沙土石达到水饱和，在重力的作用下液化的泥沙石向低洼处流动。
Zhengzhou received average precipitation of 457.5 mm within 24 hours to 5 pm Tuesday, the highest daily rainfall since the weather record began. The city also reported record-high hourly precipitation of 201.9 mm between 4 pm and 5 pm on Tuesday, the Henan provincial meteorological center said.
河南省气象中心表示，截至7月20日17时，郑州24小时平均降雨量457.5毫米，超过有气象记录以来极值。7月20日16-17时，郑州降雨量达201.9毫米，超过我国陆地小时降雨量极值。
Rainstorms caused severe waterlogging, traffic disruptions, and power outages in Zhengzhou.
暴雨导致郑州市区出现严重内涝，交通受到严重影响，电力中断。
【词汇讲解】
Waterlog在词典中的解释是to cause (a boat, ship, etc.) to become uncontrollable as a result of flooding（船只等被水淹后失控）或者to become saturated with water（被水浸透），在这里的语境下表示很多地方都被水淹了。在暴雨中被淹的车辆我们可以用waterlogged vehicles表示，即“涉水车辆”。
More than 160 trains stopped services at Zhengzhoudong Railway Station, stranding a large number of passengers.
郑州东站160余趟列车停运，造成大量旅客滞留。
The severe waterlogging has led to the virtual paralysis of the city's road traffic. Over 80 bus lines have been suspended, more than 100 temporarily detoured, and the subway service has also been temporarily suspended.
严重内涝导致郑州路面交通基本瘫痪。80多条公交线路停运，100多条线路临时绕行，地铁暂停运营。
Both Henan provincial and Zhengzhou municipal flood control and drought relief headquarters have raised the emergency response for meteorological disasters to level I.
河南省和郑州市防汛抗旱总指挥部均将防汛应急响应级别提升为Ⅰ级。
China’s central government has upgraded the nationwide flood control emergency response level from Level III to Level II at 3:00 am Wednesday local time, according to the relevant provisions of the State Emergency Plan for Flood Control and Drought Relief.
根据《国家防汛抗旱应急预案》有关规定，国家防总决定于7月21日3时将防汛Ⅲ级应急响应提升至Ⅱ级。
德特里克堡生物实验室 Fort Detrick lab
自7月17日起，一场浩浩荡荡的联署公开信行动正在中国网民之间展开，他们有着一个共同的目标，呼吁世卫组织彻底调查美国德特里克堡生物实验室。
公开信表示：
2021年6月，一批中国网民曾经联署了一封公开信，要求世界卫生组织调查美国德特里克堡生物实验室。
A group of Chinese netizens drafted a joint open letter to ask the WHO to investigate the US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID) at Fort Detrick in June.
公开信中表示，为了预防下一场疫情的到来，那些进行危险的病毒乃至生化武器研究的实验室，应该被世界卫生组织重点关注。
They said in the letter that to prevent the next pandemic, the WHO should pay special attention to labs that are conducting studies on dangerous viruses or even on biochemical weapons.
公开信特别指出了美国军方的德特里克堡生物实验室。那里存放着全世界最致命也最具传染性的病毒，比如埃博拉病毒、天花病毒，还有SARS病毒、MERS病毒以及如今的新冠病毒。任何一种病毒泄露，都会对全人类带来严重危害。
The open letter particularly noted the Fort Detrick lab, which stores the deadliest and most infectious viruses in the world, including Ebola, smallpox, SARS, MERS and the novel coronavirus. A leak of any one of them would pose a severe danger to the world.
可该实验室却有着臭名昭著的安全记录!不仅发生过炭疽病菌被盗，致多人死亡和中毒的大丑闻，而且在新冠肺炎疫情大规模出现前夕的2019年秋季，该实验室还出现过一次泄露。可详细信息却被美国方面以国家安全为由隐瞒。
But this lab has a notorious record on lab security. There have been scandals where anthrax bacteria was stolen the lab, leading to the poisoning of many and even death. There was a leak from the lab in the autumn of 2019 right before the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, but detailed information had been withheld by the US under the guise of national security.
这些被美国媒体自己报道出的信息，越来越令世人担忧和怀疑，目前肆虐全球的新冠病毒是否与之有联系。
The information unveiled by US media has worried the world, with some questioning whether the novel coronavirus could be linked to the US lab.
更让人们起疑的是，中国出于对溯源研究工作的支持，不仅允许来自西方国家的病毒学者到武汉进行研究，还开放了武汉病毒所给他们乃至美国媒体参观考察。可美国方面至今没有同等地开放美国德特里克堡的实验室，给独立于美国地缘政治影响的中国等国调查。
What is more perplexing is that, when China allowed virologists from Western countries and even US mainstream media to visit the Wuhan Institute of Virology, the US has not opened the Fort Detrick lab, let alone shared the original data with countries including China that are independent from US geopolitical influence.
美国方面甚至还在刻意忽视和歪曲中国民间要求调查德特里克堡实验室的呼声，一边将这些诉求说成是“阴谋论”，一边在不断用漏洞百出的谣言，污蔑中国的武汉病毒所。
The US even purposely neglected and distorted the Chinese people's call to investigate the Fort Detrick lab - referring to the questions raised in the letter as a "conspiracy theory," and at the same time, used untenable and flawed rumors to attack the Wuhan Institute of Virology.
只有搞清病毒源头，消除潜在的隐患，才能告慰这些亡魂，并避免下一场大疫情的来袭。可美国方面一直在干扰这一工作的进行，拒绝国际社会彻查其德特里克堡实验室。在已经因为糟糕的防疫工作害死了60余万美国人后，难道美国方面还想拉全世界为其陪葬?
Only by figuring out the origins of the virus can the world eliminate potential hazards, avoid the next round of epidemic and comfort the families of the dead who are seeking answers. However, the US has always been interrupting the work and refusing to allow the international community to investigate the Fort Detrick lab. After its disastrous handling of the epidemic that has cost the lives of more than 600,000 Americans, does the US want to draw the whole world to be buried with it?
据《环球时报》实时更新的联署链接显示，截至7月21日晚，已有超过500万中国网民联署了这封呼吁世卫组织调查德特里克堡生物实验室的公开信。
对此，外交部发言人赵立坚在例行发布会上表示：
此次联署自7月17日发起以来，得到了中国广大民众的积极响应，不到5天就有约500万人参加。节节攀升的数字代表着中国人民的心声，表明了他们对美方一些人借溯源问题搞政治操弄的愤怒。美国本应及早调查德特里克堡，但一直没有这样做。
Since the open letter was published on July 17, it has received encouraging responses from the Chinese people and endorsed by about 5 million people within 5 days. The increasing endorsement reflects the Chinese people's aspiration and their anger in the political manipulation by some in the US. A probe into Fort Detrick is long overdue, but the US has not done it yet.
德特里克堡之谜至今无解。2019年7月，美国疾控中心给德堡基地发终止函，要求其终止大部分操作。就在同月，弗吉尼亚州北部开始出现不明原因的呼吸系统疾病，威斯康星州暴发大规模“电子烟疾病”。7月底，靠近德堡的两家养老院出现一种不明原因导致肺炎的呼吸道疾病。9月，德堡所在地马里兰州报告称“电子烟疾病”患者病例数增加了一倍。即便如此，美方仍以“国家安全”为由，拒绝公布关于关闭德堡的原因。历史上，德堡也有令人不安的劣迹和污点。基地中保存着包括德国纳粹和侵华日军“731部队”在内的细菌战研究资料。美国媒体也披露，德堡至今仍存放着大量严重威胁人类安全的病毒。这些事件之间，到底有何关联？美方究竟打算何时就此公开澄清？
The mystery of Fort Detrick remain unexplained and shrouded by suspicions. In July 2019, the US CDC issued a "cease and desist order" to halt most research at Fort Detrick. In the same month, there were reports on the unexplained outbreaks of respiratory disease in northern Virginia and on the subsequent EVALI outbreaks in Wisconsin. By the end of July, two retirement communities near the base experienced unexplained pneumonia outbreaks. In September, vaping-related lung illness cases doubled in Maryland where Fort Detrick is based. Even so, the US CDC refused to release critical information regarding the base's closure by citing "national security reasons". The Fort Detrick base has disturbing records and stains in history. The base has in its storage research outcomes of biological warfare from people recruited after WWII, including head of Nazi Germany's biological warfare lab and head of Unit 731 of the Imperial Japanese Army that waged the war of aggression against China. According to US media reports, Fort Detrick stores large amount of viruses that severely threaten people's safety. What is the correlation between those incidents? When will the US make public explanations?
调查德堡是包括中国人民在内的各国人民的呼声，是美方在病毒溯源问题上必须回答的问题。面对本国近63万因疫情逝去的生命，美方应展现透明，切实采取措施彻底调查本国疫情源头，彻底调查美国抗疫不力的原因并追究责任者，彻底调查德堡及200多个美国海外生物实验基地种种疑云，给世界人民和国际社会一个交代。
Investigating Fort Detrick is an appeal of people all over the world, including the Chinese people. It is a question that the US must answer. Facing the 630,000 American lives lost to the coronavirus, the US should be transparent, take concrete measures to thoroughly investigate the origins of the virus at home, thoroughly investigate the reason of its botched response and who should be held accountable, thoroughly investigate the mysteries over Fort Detrick and its over 200 overseas bio-labs, and explain the truth to people across the world and the international community.
世界遗产大会 World Heritage Committee session
The 44th session of the World Heritage Committee of UNESCO has adopted the Fuzhou Declaration, calling for closer international cooperation within the framework of multilateralism.
第44届世界遗产大会通过《福州宣言》，宣言呼吁在多边主义框架内开展更密切的国际合作。
The world's cultural and natural heritage is an important outcome of the development of human civilization and natural evolution, and an important vehicle for the exchanges and mutual learning between civilizations. To well protect, inherit and make good use of these precious treasures is our shared responsibility, and is of vital importance to the continuity of human civilization and the sustainable development of the world.
世界文化和自然遗产是人类文明发展和自然演进的重要成果，也是促进不同文明交流互鉴的重要载体。保护好、传承好、利用好这些宝贵财富，是我们的共同责任，是人类文明赓续和世界可持续发展的必然要求。
国际消费中心城市 international consumption center cities
China's Ministry of Commerce announced on July 19 that, with the approval of the State Council, Shanghai, Beijing, Guangzhou, Tianjin and Chongqing will take the lead in developing international consumption center cities. The move is a major strategic decision made by the Communist Party of China Central Committee and the State Council, and will play a significant role in serving the establishment of the new development paradigm. It is also significant for the country's high-quality growth.
商务部7月19日宣布，经国务院批准，在上海市、北京市、广州市、天津市、重庆市，率先开展国际消费中心城市培育建设。培育国际消费中心城市，是党中央、国务院作出的重大战略部署，对服务构建新发展格局、推动经济高质量发展具有重要意义。
中部地区高质量发展 high-quality development of central region
China has issued a guideline on promoting the high-quality development of the country's central region in the new era. The guideline, jointly released on July 22 by the Communist Party of China Central Committee and the State Council, details measures to promote the region's economic growth, scientific and technological innovation, urbanization, green development, opening-up and people's well-being.
7月22日，《中共中央 国务院关于新时代推动中部地区高质量发展的意见》发布。意见部署了促进中部地区经济增长、科技创新、城镇化建设、绿色发展和对外开放，以及提高人民群众幸福感的一系列具体措施。
翼龙-2H无人机 Wing Loong-2H unmanned aerial vehicle
中国航空工业集团有限公司研制的翼龙-2H应急救灾型无人机，在河南应急救灾中搭建起空中应急通信平台，为河南省巩义市米河镇通信中断区提供了连续移动信号，保障了灾区居民及时报告灾情、报送平安。
A China-developed Wing Loong-2H unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) took a 4.5-hour flight to Mihe township in Gongyi city, one of the most seriously ravaged regions in Henan province, the Ministry of Emergency Management said.
应急管理部表示，我国自主研发的翼龙-2H无人机飞行4.5小时抵达河南省巩义市米河镇。该镇是河南省受灾最严重的一个地区。
At 6:21 pm Wednesday, the drone entered the areas where telecom services had been disrupted and started to provide stable and continuous mobile signal coverage for an area of about 50 square kilometers.
7月21日18点21分，无人机在米河镇上空搭起空中移动基站，实现了约50平方公里范围、长时稳定的连续移动信号覆盖。
【知识点】
无人机学名全称为unmanned aerial vehicle，简称UAV，在口语中一般称为drone。Drone原意为“雄蜂”或者“嗡嗡声”，后来为什么会成为“无人机”的简称，目前没有很确定的说法，有一个比较普遍被接受的说法是：英国皇家空军在上世纪三四十年代的时候研制了一些无人飞行器作为对空防御武器的训练打击目标（aerial targets for antiaircraft gunnery training）。1935年，皇家空军用新型的DH82B无人机取代了之前的B版Fairey Queen （简称Queen Bee），大概因为简称中有Bee（蜜蜂）这个单词，所以人们就开始用drone或者target drone来指代这些无人机，一方面可能是因为这些无人机都是像雄蜂一样听从指令，另一方面，可能也是因为它们会发出“嗡嗡的声音”。所以，drone这个叫法也算一举两得吧。
翼龙-2H应急救灾型无人机系统是在翼龙-2无人机系统基础上，针对灾害探查（disaster survey）、应急通信保障（ emergency communications support）、应急投送（ emergency supplies delivery）等任务研制的大型应急救灾型无人机系统（an emergency and disaster relief UAV system）。
The system is composed by the large UAV, a ground-control station and a support system.
该无人机系统由无人机、地面控制站、保障系统组成。
The large UAV is equipped with an electro-optical/infrared pod, a synthetic aperture radar, an aerial camera, an emergency communication pod and an emergency transmit drop pod.
无人机搭载光电探测吊舱、合成孔径雷达、航拍CCD相机、应急通信保障吊舱、应急投送舱等设备。
Featuring outstanding flight range, endurance, carrying capacity and environmental adaptability, the Wing Loong-2H UAV is able to conduct field surveys, support emergency communication and deliver emergency supplies in extreme conditions, such as power and network outages and circuit breaks.
该无人机系统具有航程远、留空时间长、承载能力大、环境适应性强等特点，可在“断路、断电、断网”等极端灾害条件下，完成现场探查、公/专网应急组网通信、应急物资投送等任务。
Typhoon In-Fa
7月26日9点50分前后，今年第6号台风“烟花”在浙江嘉兴平湖市沿海再次登陆，登陆时中心附近最大风力10级。
此前，台风“烟花”已经在浙江舟山登陆过一次。
Typhoon In-Fa, the sixth this year, made landfall in Zhoushan, Zhejiang province, at around 12:30 pm on Sunday, packing winds of up to 38 meters per second at its center.
7月25日12时30分前后，今年第6号台风“烟花”登陆浙江省舟山，中心最大风速38米/秒。
【知识点】
英文中描述台风“登陆”的表达为make landfall，而台风“减弱为热带风暴”则通常用weaken to tropical storm表示。
其实，热带风暴和台风其实都属于热带气旋（tropical cyclone）。
从1989年开始，我国采用世界气象组织规定的统一标准，按气旋中心附近最大平均风力将热带气旋划分为4个等级：
热带气旋中心附近最大平均风力小于8级，即风速小于17.2米每秒，为热带低压（tropical depression）；
最大风力在8-9级，风速在17.2米/秒-24.4米/秒的称为热带风暴（tropical storm）；
最大风力为10-11级，即风速在24.5米/秒-32.6米/秒者，称为强热带风暴（severe tropical storm）；
只有中心附近最大平均风力达到12级或以上，风速大于等于32.7米每秒的热带气旋才称为台风（typhoon）。
关于风暴，我们经常听到3个意思相近的词：tornado、typhoon、hurricane。Tornado即龙卷风，主要发生在陆地上。Typhoon和hurricane其实是一回事，都是tropical cyclone（热带气旋），只是飓风名称的使用多在北大西洋及东太平洋，所以我们经常听到美国发生飓风，如2005年著名的Hurricane Katrina（卡特里娜飓风）；而北太平洋西部使用的词是typhoon，于是我国就习惯称台风。
浙江多项措施应对
Zhejiang had upgraded its emergency response to Level I, the highest level, starting at noon on Saturday, the provincial emergency management department said.
浙江省应急管理厅表示，7月24日中午起，浙江全省提升防台风应急响应至Ⅰ级。
Hangzhou Xiaoshan International Airport canceled all flights in and out of Hangzhou on Sunday, with more expected to be canceled on Monday. Local traffic authorities also closed off or imposed traffic flow restrictions on all expressways in Zhejiang.
7月25日，杭州萧山国际机场所有进出港航班取消，26日的航班也有大幅取消。浙江省内所有高速公路也采取关闭或限流措施。
Over 1.1 million residents in the province had been relocated to safer places by Saturday night, according to Zhejiang Daily.
据《浙江日报》报道，截至7月24日夜间，浙江省已有110多万居民被转移至安全地点。
上海高铁停运
In neighboring Shanghai, the municipal railway authority announced on Sunday that all trains bound for Shanghai from Beijing South Railway Station were suspended starting at 1:30 pm. All high-speed trains bound for Shanghai from all directions had been suspended beginning at 7 pm on Sunday.
铁路部门决定，7月25日13时30分后，北京南至上海方向列车停运。7月25日19时起，进出上海高铁列车全部停运。
【单词讲解】
说到“暂停”，我们可能立即会想到pause这个词，不过，在具体使用的时候，pause更偏重“短时间暂停（后继续进行某事）”的意思，比如：He talked for two hours without pausing for breath.（他说了两个小时的话，都没有停下来喘口气。）On leaving, she paused for a moment at the door.（离开的时候，她在门口停顿了一下。）动词suspend及其名词suspension多指“把事情停下来一阵子（直到有后续的决策）”，比如：Tour groups were suspended because of the epidemic.（由于疫情原因，团队游被暂时叫停了。）这里的“暂停”一般会持续一段时间，直到形势变化允许这件事能继续进行。
All passenger flights at Shanghai's two airports were canceled on Sunday, according to the Shanghai Airport Authority.
上海机场管理部门表示，7月25日全天，上海浦东机场和虹桥机场，所有客运进出港航班取消。
In addition, the municipality's subway operator announced that all sections of line running above ground and on elevated tracks had been suspended since Sunday afternoon to ensure safety.
此外，上海地铁运营部门宣布，7月25日下午起，上海地铁所有地面、高架区段车站停运。
Also since Sunday afternoon, service of all buses crossing bridges over the Huangpu River had been suspended. Large passenger buses and large trucks had been banned from taking the Shanghai Yangtze River Bridge connecting Chongming Island with downtown Shanghai.
同时自7月25日下午起，所有经过黄浦江上各处桥梁的公交暂停运营，禁止大型客运公交及卡车驶入上海长江大桥。上海长江大桥连接上海市区和崇明岛。
As of 2 pm Sunday, nearly 130 tourists spots in Shanghai, including the Shanghai Disney Resort, the Oriental Pearl Tower, and the Shanghai Science and Technology Museum, had closed over safety concerns.
截至7月25日下午2点，上海迪士尼乐园、东方明珠塔以及上海科技馆等近130个旅游景点因安全原因关闭。
海南跨境服务贸易负面清单 negative list on cross-border trade in services for Hainan
China unveiled a negative list on cross-border trade in services for its Hainan Free Trade Port, the first negative list for services trade in the country, the Ministry of Commerce said on July 26. The new policy is scheduled to become effective on Aug 26 this year.
7月26日，《海南自由贸易港跨境服务贸易特别管理措施（负面清单）（2021年版）》正式公布，并将于8月26日起实施。商务部表示，这是我国在跨境服务贸易领域公布的第一张负面清单。
“双减” ease the burden of excessive homework and off-campus tutoring for students undergoing compulsory education
Chinese authorities have introduced a guideline to ease the burden of excessive homework and off-campus tutoring for students undergoing compulsory education. The guideline, jointly issued by the general offices of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and the State Council on Saturday, bans local authorities from approving any new tutoring institutions for academic course training during the nine years of compulsory education. All existing curriculum-based tutoring institutions will have to register as nonprofit organizations and cannot raise money from the public, the guideline said, adding that investment in such institutions by listed companies will also be prohibited. Tutoring institutions should not offer overseas education courses, nor teach content too advanced for the school curriculum, it said. No curriculum-based training will be allowed on weekends, national holidays or during winter and summer vacations, the guideline said.
7月24日，中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅印发了《关于进一步减轻义务教育阶段学生作业负担和校外培训负担的意见》。《意见》要求，各地不再审批新的面向义务教育阶段学生的学科类校外培训机构，现有学科类培训机构统一登记为非营利性机构，严禁资本化运作。上市公司不得通过股票市场融资投资学科类培训机构。《意见》严禁培训机构提供境外教育课程，严禁超标超前培训，不得占用国家法定节假日、休息日及寒暑假期组织学科类培训。
table tennis mixed doubles final
7月26日，东京奥运会乒乓球混双决赛（table tennis mixed doubles final），中国队的许昕/刘诗雯组合迎战日本队的伊藤美诚/水谷隼组合，最终摘得该项目银牌。
The table tennis mixed doubles was making its debut on the Olympic stage in Tokyo, with each association only eligible to dispatch one pair in the event.
这是乒乓球混双项目首次亮相奥运会赛场，每个代表团只能选派一对选手参加比赛。
比赛开局，中国组合2比0领先。
Jun Mizutani and Mima Ito came from two sets down and led by 3-2 after the fifth set, pressuring the Chinese duo Xu Xin and Liu Shiwen, who put up a fight in the sixth set, tying at 3-3.
伊藤美诚/水谷隼组合在前两局失利的情况下实现逆转，在第五局结束时3比2领先，中国的许昕/刘诗雯组合在重压之下奋力拼搏，在第六局打成3比3平。
决胜局，水谷隼/伊藤美诚连续得分，8-0开局。
Mizutani and Ito eventually sealed the deal at 11-6, taking the top spot on 5-11, 7-11, 11-8, 11-9, 11-9, 6-11, 11-6.
最终，水谷隼/伊藤美诚以11比6拿下决胜局，以5-11, 7-11, 11-8, 11-9, 11-9, 6-11, 11-6的成绩获得冠军。
【知识点】
看比赛直播的时候，屏幕上时常会打出game point或match point的字幕，具体来说，game point就是指那一局比赛中领先的一方再得一分就可以赢得该局，即“局点”，而match point指领先的一方再得一分就可以赢得这一场比赛，即“赛点”，而如果再拿下一分既可以赢得这场比赛，还能拿到这个比赛的冠军，那么这个点既是match point（赛点），也是gold medal point（冠军点）。
This is the first ever Olympic gold medal in table tennis mixed doubles, also Japan's first table tennis Olympic gold since the sport debuted at 1988 Games in Seoul.
这是历史上第一枚奥运乒乓球混双金牌，也是自1988年汉城奥运会乒乓球首次成为比赛项目以来，日本队获得的第一枚该项目金牌。
在赛后接受采访时，刘诗雯几度落泪说：“我们已经拼尽了全力（put in our best efforts），我自己还好，就是感觉对不起大家。”
We missed several opportunities while we had the upper hand.
“有几个球，我们在大好形势下，没有抓住机会。”
许昕则表示，
The Japanese duo were fighting aggressively, particularly in the later sets.
“日本队员拼得很凶，特别是在最后的几次搏杀。”
看了他们的采访，网友表示：你们依然是最棒的！
南京疫情 COVID-19 cases in Nanjing
7月27日，江苏省南京市召开新闻发布会，据南京市疾控中心副主任丁洁介绍，从测序完成的病例看，目前引起南京疫情的毒株是德尔塔毒株（Delta variant）。
【知识点】
今年5月，针对变异毒株难念难写又难记的问题，同时也为了避免将毒株和地名联系在一起产生的污名化问题，世界卫生组织建议用希腊字母表来给新冠变种毒株重新命名（new names for Coronavirus variants using letters from the Greek alphabet）。
截至2021年5月31日，世卫组织已经给6个待观察变种（Variant of Interest）和4个须关切变种（Variant of Concern）指定了名字。这4个值得关注的变种分别被命名为Alpha（又名为B.1.1.7，首次在英国发现）、Beta（B.1.351，首次在南非发现）、Gamma（P.1，首次在巴西发现）和Delta（B.1.617.2，首次在印度发现）。
Nanjing has added more than 100 locally transmitted COVID-19 cases since a few airport workers tested positive for coronavirus last week.
自上周南京机场几位工作人员新冠病毒检测阳性以来，该市本土新增新冠肺炎病例已超过100例。
南京本轮疫情近日病例不但持续增加，而且出现了外溢效应，已关联广东、辽宁、安徽、江苏以及四川共5省。
So far, the virus cluster in Nanjing has involved airport workers and their contacts, but new infections were also reported among flight passengers in other parts of China who have visited the Nanjing airport.
到目前为止，南京的聚集性感染主要涉及机场工作人员及其接触人群，不过在其他省市报告的新增病例中也有曾经到过南京机场的飞机乘客。
South China's Guangdong province last Thursday reported a new locally transmitted asymptomatic carrier, a flight passenger returning from Nanjing.
广东省上周四（7月22日）报告的一例本土新增无症状感染者就是从南京回去的飞机乘客。
Sichuan province in southwest China on Saturday also reported a confirmed COVID-19 case in the city of Mianyang, after it launched mass testing among travelers from Nanjing.
四川省绵阳市对从南京相关人员进行检测后，于上周六（7月24日）报告了一例确诊病例。
On Monday, northeast China's Liaoning province reported three asymptomatic cases in the city of Dalian, who had transited via the airport and spent around two hours there.
本周一（7月26日）辽宁省大连市报告的三例无症状感染者之前曾在南京机场转机，在那里停留了2个小时。
对于近期病例报告增幅较大，丁洁解释说，
The recent spike in infections in the city can be attributed to the special location of the outbreak and the highly contagious nature of the strain.
近期感染病例增幅较大一是因为此次疫情暴发场所具有特殊性，二是因为德尔塔变异病毒传播能力强。
南京搭建6座“猎鹰号”气膜实验室
Nanjing started building six "Falcon" testing labs on Sunday. Three of the labs went into operation on Monday morning, and the others were completed by the end of Tuesday.
7月25日，南京开始搭建6座“猎鹰号”气膜实验室，其中3座气膜实验室已于7月26日搭建完成，开始检测工作，余下3座气膜实验室于27日搭建完成。
When all six labs are in use, 180,000 sample tubes can be tested daily, and if mixed sample tests are carried out, 1.8 million people can be screened every day.
6座气膜实验室全部投入使用后，每日可检测18万管，如果是进行混检，每日可筛检180万人次。
南京进一步升级了疫情防控措施
Closed-loop management will be imposed for airport staff members. Other workers, such as salespeople and servers at the airport's restaurants, will be quarantined.
对机场工作人员实行闭环管理，对机场商铺销售人员以及餐馆服务员进行隔离。
The operations of offline after-school training institutions will be suspended, along with those of karaoke lounges, cinemas, nightclubs and gymnasiums, Nanjing's city government said.
暂停KTV、电影院、健身房、酒吧等密闭场所营业，暂停培训机构（含托管）线下服务。
All drugstores in Nanjing will suspend the sale of antibiotics and drugs for cough, fever and fighting viruses, both online and offline, it said.
全市零售药店暂停向市民销售（含网络销售）退热、止咳、抗病毒和抗生素等“四类药品”。
All the city's communities and villages have been ordered to adopt strict controls. Anyone entering communities or villages must have their temperature checked, present a green QR code and wear a mask.
市内所有社区（村）实行严格管控，进出人员一律实行测温、验码、佩戴口罩等措施。
目前，南京全城已经开展了2轮全员核酸检测（mass nucleic acid test），有的重点区域开展了3轮。
丁洁提醒广大南京市民，一旦出现发热（fever）、乏力（fatigue）、干咳（cough），嗅觉、味觉减退（reduced sense of taste and smell）等症状，一定要去就近的发热门诊就诊，及时做好核酸检测。
人脸识别 facial recognition
近年来，人脸识别技术在社会生活中得到广泛运用，随之而来的纠纷也日益增多。近日公布的《最高人民法院关于审理使用人脸识别技术处理个人信息相关民事案件适用法律若干问题的规定》，进一步明确这些热点问题的适用法律，为维护个人信息安全增添保障。
Shops installing face-scanning systems to gather consumers' data without their permission and software operators forcing users to give their facial information will be in violation of people's personality rights, the document said.
规定指出，商家在未经同意的情况下擅自安装刷脸系统采集消费者人脸信息，软件运营商强迫用户提供人脸信息等行为均属于侵害自然人人格权益的行为。
【知识点】
根据民法典规定，人格权（personality rights）是民事主体享有的生命权、身体权、健康权、姓名权、名称权、肖像权、名誉权、隐私权（rights of one's life, human body, health, name,identity, image, reputation and privacy）等权利。
When online platforms or apps try to get the approval of users in processing their facial information, the specific clauses have to be presented to the users for special consideration rather than buried in the general terms of use, says the document.
网络平台或移动应用程序在征得个人同意时，必须就人脸信息处理活动单独取得个人的同意，不能通过一揽子告知同意等方式征得个人同意。
It also rules out the practice of forcing users to agree to facial recognition terms if they want to use their services, which do not rely on the access of facial information.
对于“不点击同意就不提供服务”等方式强迫用户同意处理其非必要人脸信息的，人民法院不予支持。
【词汇讲解】
这里的rule out是一个固定搭配的短语，表示“exclude; make impossible”，即“排除”，上文的规定是最高法出台的，所以这里的rule out其实包含“禁止”的意思。此外，在体育比赛中，rule out也可以用来表示“出局”，比如：The latest loss ruled him out of the final（他最近这次失利使他无缘决赛）。
For the situation where property management service enterprises set up facial recognition as the only verification method for people entering a property, the document says reasonable alternative methods must be provided for those who do not agree to use facial recognition.
对于部分小区物业将人脸识别作为出入小区的唯一验证方式的问题，规定明确，物业应为不同意使用人脸识别的使用人提供其他合理验证方式。
提前锁定冠亚军 ensure a one-two finish
7月29日，中国羽毛球混双两对选手在半决赛中均战胜对手，提前锁定该项目的金银牌。
China has ensured a one-two finish in badminton mixed doubles after two Chinese pairs beat their respective opponents in the semifinals on Thursday.
“Ensure a one-two finish”的意思就是确保了决赛中第一和第二名的位置，即“提前锁定金银牌（冠亚军）”。
同时，中国乒乓球女子单打选手陈梦和孙颖莎也在半决赛中战胜各自的对手，将于今晚会师决赛。
Chen Meng and Sun Yingsha beat their respective opponent in table tennis women's singles semifinals to set up an all-China clash late on Thursday.
这里的“set up an all-China clash”字面意思是“出现了全是中国选手的对决”，其实就是我们所说的“会师决赛”。
破防 overwhelmed
7月27日晚举行的女子体操团体决赛中，中国选手芦玉菲从杠上掉落。她站起来后第一句话是“可以再翻吗”。一句话让网友破防。
不难看出，“破防”又是该死的隐喻（metaphor），字面意思是“break through the defensive line”。在以上两处语境下，“破防”表达的意思也不难理解：moved to tears。
对一般英文学习者而言，以“moved to tears”来表达“破防”足矣。但是，从翻译角度而言，不妨提高一点点要求：能否找到一个英文单词，既稍微兼顾隐喻又传递意思？
文刀君认为常用词“overwhelm”就是一个不错的选择。
“overwhelm”可以表达“defeat completely/ gain complete control over（击溃、征服）”之意，比如，The rebels were overwhelmed by the army。
“overwhelm”亦常常用在诸多“情绪（emotions）”上，比如“be overwhelmed with joy 喜不自胜”，“be overwhelmed （by their support）深受感动”。
不妨以这句新闻标题为例：
“废墟获救婴儿的母亲遇难，她最后的姿势全网破防”。
英文可以这样说：
Netizens （are）overwhelmed by mother who died holding up her baby （in recent floods）
“overwhelm”是实践中的常用词，要会用，要用好。
除了“overwhelm”这种比较正经的书面和口语表达，文刀君再推荐一个国外年轻人常用的非正式用语：“(give someone so many) feels”。
先来看看美国网络俚语词典urbandictionary.com对“feels”的解释：
Feelings you get when something you read/see/hear/etc is just so touching and perfect.
在线词典dictionary.com 对“feels”的解释如下：
The slang term describes an overwhelming emotional reaction.
以“中国选手芦玉菲的话让网友破防了”为例，英文可以说：
Lu's remarks gave netizens so many feels.
张家界景区关闭 closure of scenic areas in Zhangjiajie
7月29日，多地陆续报告有张家界市旅居史的新冠病毒感染人员。当日，张家界市在新闻发布会上宣布，张家界所有景区景点于7月30日上午关闭。
Tourists are advised against going to Zhangjiajie in Central China's Hunan province as the city has become another key point of resurgence of COVID-19 epidemic spreading in China, according to local health authorities on Thursday.
张家界卫健委7月29日表示，该市已经成为新冠疫情另一个主要传播点，建议游客近期不要前往张家界。
All visitors in the city are urged to take a nucleic acid test for the virus and not to leave until they had the results.
目前在张家界的所有游客应进行核酸检测，结果出来之前不要离开该市。
7月20日以来，张家界市先后接到大连、成都等地推送的疫情相关通知和协查函6批次。
Three asymptomatic carriers were reported on Monday, and one confirmed case on Tuesday, in Dalian, Liaoning province.
7月26日，辽宁省大连市报告3例无症状感染者，7月27日，又报告1例确诊病例。
流调报告显示：
All four had been at the Charm Xiangxi Theater in the Wulingyuan scenic area on July 22, watching a show.
7月22日，上述四人都曾在武陵源风景名胜区魅力湘西剧场观看演出。
The three asymptomatic carriers flew to Zhangjiajie via Nanjing, Jiangsu province, on July 17. They stayed at Lukou International Airport for around two hours for flight transfer.
7月17日，上述3例无症状感染者经江苏南京飞抵张家界，他们曾在南京禄口国际机场转机时停留2小时。
7月28日晚，张家界发布《关于魅力湘西疫情防控情况通告》。
2021年7月28日，四川省成都市一位居民在接受核酸检测。（图片来源：新华网）
Zhangjiajie health authorities said that all audience members who watched the performance from 6 pm to 7 pm on July 22 are at high risk of coronavirus infection and should report to their residential community or local disease control and prevention centers for immediate testing.
张家界卫健委表示，7月22日晚18点至19点时段魅力湘西所有观众属于高风险人群，应立即向当地社区或疾控机构报告并配合检测。
The Charm Xiangxi Theater, which can accommodate an audience of around 2,800, has been closed for a week starting on Wednesday. People who bought tickets for the week ahead can get refunds.
能容纳约2800名观众的魅力湘西剧场自7月28日起关闭一周，已购票人员可以办理退票。
张家界市已于7月28日启动对武陵源区、永定城区及慈利县三官寺土家族乡实现全员核酸检测。
As of 6 pm on Thursday, samples from 226,014 people had been collected, and one of the samples tested positive.
截至7月29日18点，已完成采样226014份，其中1例为阳性。
So far，at least 19 people from outside Zhangjiajie－four in Liaoning province, five in Sichuan province, two in Chongqing, two in Beijing, two in Hunan and four in Jiangsu province－have tested positive for COVID-19. All had traveled to Zhangjiajie or have had close contact with people who have returned from the city.
截至目前，张家界以外地区已经有至少19人新冠病毒检测呈阳性，其中辽宁4例，四川5例，重庆2例，北京2例，湖南2例，江苏4例。所有人员均有过张家界旅居史或者与张家界有关人员有密切接触。
Authorities in Zhangjiajie have ordered the closure of places where people gather in large numbers to curb the spread of COVID-19 on Thursday. The shutdowns apply to shopping centers, cinemas, theaters, KTVs and dance halls.
7月29日，张家界市关停全市范围内旅游购物场所、电影院、剧院、KTV、歌舞厅等人员聚集密闭场所，以防止新冠病毒传播。
The venues should cease business activities, disinfect their premises and organize all their employees to undergo nucleic acid testing, according to the city's headquarters for COVID-19 prevention and control.
张家界市新冠肺炎防控指挥部表示，上述所有经营场所停止一切经营活动，做好环境消杀工作，组织全体从业人员开展核酸检测。
（中国日报网英语点津 编辑）
