6月，我国外交及教育部门先后发布赴美留学及旅游预警；四川宜宾市长宁县发生6.0级地震；沪伦通正式启动；科创板开板；上海公布最严垃圾分类制度；首个大熊猫国际形象出炉；整治不规范地名行动在全国引发热议；第一批鼓励仿制药品目录建议清单发布；二十国集团领导人峰会在日本大阪举行。
联邦快递 FedEx
The State Post Bureau said it recently received complaints from an unspecified number of FedEx clients saying FedEx rerouted their parcels to destinations other than the designated addresses without informing them or asking for permission.
国家邮政局表示，近日接到用户投诉，美国联邦快递在未经用户同意、也没有告知用户的情况下，擅自将快件转寄他地，未按名址投递相关快件。
【单词讲解】
这里的reroute是由前缀re-和单词route构成的，route除了用作名词时表示“路线”之外，也可以用作动词，表示“按特定路线发送（乘客、货物、车辆等）”，比如：We should route the parcels to their designated addresses.（我们应该把这些包裹发送到指定的地址。）Route前面加了表示“再次、重新”的前缀re-，自然就表示“路线被重新设定；更改路线”等意思，比如：Our shuttle bus was rerouted lately bacause of a construction site on our regular route.（因为常规路线上在施工，我们的班车最近该路线了。）
This has seriously violated relevant laws and regulations of China's express industry and harmed the legitimate rights of Chinese clients, so the Chinese authorities decided to launch the investigation, Ma Junsheng, the bureau head, said in a statement on its website on Sunday.
国家邮政局局长马军胜说，这一行为严重违反了我国快递业有关法规，损害了用户合法权益，所以，国家有关部门决定立案调查。
马军胜说，这是针对用户交寄的核心条款，要求从事快递服务的企业一定按约定的地址、收件人（the service provider must deliver parcels to designated addresses and receivers），以及收件人的代收人，进行当面的投递。如果违反这一条款，损害了用户权益，邮政管理部门有权进行查处。
美国当地时间6月1日，联邦快递通过官方网站回应：
FedEx values our business in China. Our relationship with Huawei Technologies and our relationships with all of our customers in China are important to us. FedEx holds itself to a very high standard of service. FedEx will fully cooperate with any regulatory investigation into how we serve our customers.
联邦快递高度重视我们在中国的业务。与华为技术有限公司以及所有中国客户的关系，对我们十分重要。联邦快递要求自己为客户提供高标准的服务。我们将全力配合任何监管机构对联邦快递的客户服务进行调查。
马军胜指出，我国快递市场巨大，发展快、潜力大，我们欢迎各国来投资发展。但前提是遵守中国法律法规（foreign companies should obey local laws and regulations when operating in China），遵守市场规则和契约精神，不能出于非商业目的来阻断正常的快递服务（express service providers should never interrupt normal services for noncommercial purposes），损害中国企业的合法权益。我们衷心希望国外企业严格遵守中国快递业法规，依法经营，加强服务质量管控和运营管理，合规地提供快递服务。
婴幼儿配方乳粉 baby formula
国家发展和改革委、工业和信息化部、农业农村部、卫生健康委、市场监管总局、商务部、海关总署联合制定并印发了《国产婴幼儿配方乳粉提升行动方案》。
The quality of domestic baby formula is expected to keep improving to meet the demand from domestic consumers, according to the plan.
方案提出，力争国产婴幼儿配方乳粉品质稳步提升，满足国内消费者的需求。
【单词讲解】
Formula这个词用法比较广，除了这里的“配方奶粉”以外，还可以表示我们学习数理化时会用到的“公式、方程式、分子式”，比如：mathematical formula（数学公式）、 the formula for a substance（某个物质的分子式）等。此外，formula还可以用来表示“方案、方法”，比如： a formula to unify the divided peninsula（半岛统一方案）。当然，我们还不能忘了，赛车领域的“级、方程式”也是用formula来表示的，比如Formula 1 racing cars（一级方程式赛车）。
方案提出的行动目标是：
大力实施国产婴幼儿配方乳粉“品质提升、产业升级、品牌培育”行动计划，国产婴幼儿配方乳粉产量稳步增加，更好地满足国内日益增长的消费需求，力争婴幼儿配方乳粉自给水平稳定在 60%以上（baby formula produced domestically is expected to account for more than 60 percent of the total supply）；
产品质量安全可靠，品质稳步提升，消费者信心和满意度明显提高（consumers' confidence and satisfaction in domestic products will be significantly improved）；
产业结构进一步优化（industrial structure further upgraded），行业集中度和技术装备水平继续提升；
产品竞争力进一步增强（product competitiveness strengthened），市场销售额显著提高，中国品牌婴幼儿配方乳粉在国内市场的排名明显提升。
方案指出，在企业现有质量安全追溯体系的基础上，逐步建立全国统一的婴幼儿配方乳粉质量安全追溯平台（unified national quality tracing platform for baby formula products），实现全过程、电子化信息查询追溯，力争三年内实现质量安全追溯体系建设覆盖60%以上婴幼儿配方乳粉企业（more than 60% of baby formula producers will be included in the tracing system），并与国家重要产品质量追溯平台对接。
同时，建立婴幼儿配方乳粉食品安全生产规范体系检查常态化机制（establish a regular inspection mechanism of product safety），用3年时间完成新一轮生产企业全面检查，强化对生产环境、生产质量管理体系运行、原料查验和检验检测能力等方面的检查，指导企业规范管理。
此外，方案要求，强化政策引导，鼓励各地通过企业并购（merger）、协议转让（transfer）、联合重组（joint reorganization）、控股参股等多种方式开展婴幼儿配方乳粉企业兼并重组，淘汰落后产能。
鼓励有实力、信誉好的企业在国外设立加工厂（set up factory overseas），并将生产的产品以自有品牌原装进口。鼓励国外乳粉企业在国内设立外商投资企业（encourage foreign enterprises to set up ventures in China），促进中国品牌与外国品牌公平竞争，引入国外先进的生产技术及管理经验（introduce advanced technologies and management ideas），丰富国内产品供应。
旅游警示 travel alert
继教育部发布赴美留学预警之后，文化和旅游部以及外交部也发出了近期希望中国公民游客谨慎前往美国旅游的警示。
The alert from the education ministry states that the visa applications of some Chinese hoping to study in the United States have recently been restricted, with an extended review process, shortened validity period, and an increased rejection rate, which have affected their plans to study in the United States or the completion of their studies there.
教育部的预警指出，一段时间以来，中方部分赴美留学人员的签证受到限制，出现签证审查周期延长、有效期缩短以及拒签率上升的情况，对中方留学人员正常赴美学习或在美顺利完成学业造成影响。
教育部国际合作与交流司副司长徐永吉透露，2019年第一季度中国公派赴美留学拒签率高达13.5%。
According to the China Scholarship Council, 182 government-funded students and scholars failed to get into the US because of visa restrictions from January to March－13.5 percent of the total. Only 3.2 percent of the total 10,313 government-funded students and scholars were unable to go to the US as a result of visa restrictions in 2018.
根据国家留学基金管理委员会的统计，2019年1月至3月，中方公派赴美留学的人员中，有182人因签证问题未能成行，占计划派出逾13.5%。而2018年，中方计划公派赴美留学10313人，其中因签证问题无法按原计划赴美人数仅占计划派出人员数量的3.2%。
6月4日下午，国务院新闻办公室举行专题新闻发布会。发布会上，文化和旅游部发布了关于中国游客近期谨慎前往美国旅游的提醒。
Noting the frequent occurrence of shootings, robberies and theft in the United States recently, the ministry warned Chinese tourists to fully assess the risks of traveling there. Chinese tourists are urged to learn about the information about the public security situation and related laws and regulations of tourist destinations, to raise safety awareness and step up precautions to stay safe.
近期，美国枪击、抢劫、盗窃案件频发。文化和旅游部提醒中国游客充分评估赴美旅游风险，及时了解旅游目的地治安、法律法规等信息，切实提高安全防范意识，确保平安。
The travel alert is valid until Dec. 31, 2019.
本提醒有效期至2019年12月31日。
发布会上，外交部也发布了赴美安全提醒。
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Chinese embassy in the United States reminded citizens traveling to the US and Chinese companies in the US to step up their safety awareness and preventative measures and respond appropriately and actively.
外交部和中国驻美国使领馆提醒赴美国的中国公民和在美国中资机构，提高安全意识，注意加强防范，妥善积极应对。
提醒指出：
US law enforcement agencies have harassed Chinese citizens traveling to or leaving the country through entry-and-exit interrogations and "drop-in" interviews, the department said, advising people to call the embassy or local consulate in case of emergency.
近期，美国执法机构多次采取出入境盘查、上门约谈等多种方式骚扰赴美中国公民。外交部和中国驻美国使领馆称，如遇紧急情况，请及时与中国驻美国使领馆联系寻求协助。
外交部全球领事保护与服务应急热线（24小时）：+86-10-12308或+86-10-59913991。
本提醒有效期至2019年12月31日。
外交部回应
在6月4日的外交部例行记者会上，有记者提问：我们看到，昨天中国教育部发布了赴美留学预警。美方表示，拒绝中方无端指责，但没有采取相应行动。中方如何回应？另外，我们刚刚也看到，中国文化和旅游部首次发布中国游客赴美旅游安全提醒。中方发布这两个提醒，希望传递怎样的信息？
外交部发言人耿爽回答：
Relevant authorities have already responded to questions on yesterday's warning by the Ministry of Education. Regarding the US response, the US knows better than anyone the things it has done, the barriers set up and their impact.
关于昨天中国教育部发布的留学预警，有关单位的负责人已经回答了记者的提问。对于美方的回应，我想指出的是，美方到底做了什么事情、设置了哪些障碍、造成了哪些影响，他们心里应该很清楚。
For some time, the US has been politicizing normal education exchange and cooperation with China on the pretext of the so-called "China threat" and "Chinese infiltration". For example, it falsely accuses Confucius Institutes as a tool to expand political influence and spread Chinese values, accuses some Chinese students and academics of carrying out "non-conventional espionage activities" and wantonly harasses them, and imposes visa restrictions on Chinese students majoring in certain disciplines. It reviewed and revoked some Chinese citizens' visa under the pretext of counterintelligence and recently canceled the 10-year visa for some Chinese academics studying China-US relations. These examples show clearly how US actions have severely affected bilateral exchange in education and other people-to-people and cultural sectors.
一段时间以来，美方以“中国威胁”、“中国渗透”为由，将正常的中美教育交流合作活动政治化。比如说，美方诬蔑孔子学院为中国在美扩张政治影响、进行价值传播的工具；比如说，美方诬陷一些中国学生学者在美开展“非传统间谍”活动并对他们进行无端滋扰；比如说，美方对中国部分专业赴美学生进行签证限制。他们还以反间谍为由吊销或重新审查了一些中方赴美人员签证，近期还取消了一批中方从事中美关系研究学者赴美十年签证。我想这些事例都充分说明，美方的所作所为对中美教育领域的交流合作，以及两国人文交流造成了严重冲击和影响。
I need to emphasize that China always supports international student exchange and other education and people-to-people cooperation, including with the US. However, such cooperation should not be one-way, but should be based on mutual readiness and mutual respect.
我同时也要强调，中方始终支持同包括美国在内的世界各国开展留学生交流以及教育人文领域的合作。但是这种合作不应该是单向的，而应该本着相互尊重的态度，基于双方共同的意愿。
As to the tourism reminder issued by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism this afternoon, I believe it is only necessary in light of current circumstances. China would not have done so were it not necessary.
至于你提到的今天下午中国文化和旅游部发布的旅游提醒，我想，这也是形势使然。如果没有这个必要性，中方也不会这么做。
For some time, US law enforcement agencies have been harassing Chinese citizens with interrogation upon entry or exit and on-site interviews, among other forms. Therefore the Ministry of Culture and Tourism issued the tourism reminder, and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Chinese Embassy and consulates in the US decided to issue the safety reminder to raise safety awareness. That, I believe, is what a responsible government should do.
一段时间以来，美国执法机构多次采取出入境盘查、上门约谈等方式骚扰赴美中国公民。文化和旅游部发布旅游提醒，外交部和中国驻美国使领馆发布“在美国注意安全”安全提醒，我想这完全是一个负责任的政府应该做的事情。
At the same time I would like to stress that China keeps an open attitude towards normal people-to-people and cultural exchange with the US, but it should be based on mutual respect.
同时我要强调，中方对中美之间正常的人员往来、正常的人文交流始终持积极开放态度，但这种往来交流应该建立在相互尊重的基础之上。
中俄新时代全面战略协作伙伴关系 China-Russia comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination for a new era
国家主席习近平5日在莫斯科克里姆林宫同俄罗斯总统普京会谈。两国元首高度评价建交70年来双边关系发展，一致同意秉持睦邻友好、合作共赢理念，发展中俄新时代全面战略协作伙伴关系（China-Russia comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination for a new era），将两国关系提升到更高水平，更好惠及两国人民和世界人民。
Xi noted that it is his first state visit to Russia following his re-election as Chinese president last year, and is the eighth time he travelled to the country since 2013, saying that the China-Russia relationship is seeing a continuous, steady and sound development at a high level, and is at its best in history.
习近平指出，这是我连任国家主席后，首次对俄罗斯进行国事访问，也是2013年以来第八次到访俄罗斯。当前，中俄关系在高水平上持续、稳定、健康发展，处于历史最好时期。
Both sides, said Xi, have firmly supported each other in their efforts to defend respective core interests and nurtured strong political and strategic mutual trust, adding that they have actively pushed forward all-around cooperation as internal driving forces of bilateral ties are emerging, and the convergence of the two countries' interests is deepening.
双方坚定支持对方维护本国核心利益，政治和战略互信坚实牢固；积极推进各领域合作，两国关系内生动力不断显现，利益交融日益深化。
China and Russia have played active roles in international affairs and global governance, and made important contributions to maintaining world peace and stability as well as international fairness and justice, he said.
双方积极参与国际事务和全球治理，为维护世界和平稳定和国际公平正义发挥了重要建设性作用。
The Chinese leader noted that this year marks the 70th anniversary of the China-Russia diplomatic relationship, calling it a milestone and a new starting point.
习近平强调，今年是中俄建交70周年。70年是里程碑，也是新起点。
Acknowledging the world is undergoing profound changes unseen in a century, Xi said China and Russia shoulder an even greater expectation from the peoples of the two countries and the international community.
身处世界百年未有之大变局，中俄承载着两国人民和国际社会的更大期待。
He added that the Chinese side is ready to join Russia in amplifying the positive effect of the two countries' high level of political relationship, bringing more benefits of bilateral cooperation to the two peoples, and presenting more China-Russia options for global affairs.
中方愿同俄方携手努力，不断放大两国高水平政治关系的积极效应，让两国人民在双方合作中有更多获得感，在国际事务中贡献更多“中俄方案”。
Noting that the world today is becoming increasingly uncertain and unstable, Xi said enhancing the China-Russia relationship is the call of history, and a firm strategic choice by both sides.
习近平指出，当今世界不稳定性不确定性上升。加强中俄关系是历史的召唤，是双方坚定不移的战略选择。
He called on the two sides to strengthen strategic communication and coordination, and further their mutual support on issues regarding their respective core interests.
双方要增进战略沟通和协作，加大在涉及彼此核心利益问题上的相互支持。
Xi also urged the two countries to further promote their economic and trade cooperation, push forward cooperation on major strategic projects as well as in emerging fields at the same time, and boost cooperation at local levels, and in economy and trade, investment, energy, technology, aerospace, inter-connectivity, agriculture and finance sectors.
要促进两国经贸合作全面提质升级，推进两国战略性大项目和新兴领域合作同步发展，加强经贸、投资、能源、科技、航空航天、互联互通、农业、金融、地方等领域合作。
The two sides, according to Xi, should actively push forward their cooperation to dock the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and the Eurasian Economic Union so as to promote regional economic integration.
要积极推进共建“一带一路”同欧亚经济联盟对接合作，致力于促进地区一体化和区域经济融合发展。
To step up people-to-people exchanges, Xi said the plan for the China-Russia year of scientific and technological innovation from 2020 to 2021 should be well designed.
要加强人文交流，设计好2020年至2021年中俄科技创新年活动方案。
He said China and Russia, both permanent members of the UN Security Council, are going to continue working with the international community to safeguard the international order that is based on the international law with the UN at the core, maintain multilateral trading system and make new contributions to the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.
中俄作为联合国安理会常任理事国，将继续同国际社会一道，坚定捍卫以联合国为核心、以国际法为基础的国际体系，维护多边贸易体制，为纷繁复杂的国际形势注入强大正能量，为构建人类命运共同体作出新贡献。
Putin warmly welcomed Xi for his visit, saying that with joint efforts from both sides since the establishment of diplomatic ties 70 years ago, the Russia-China relationship has reached an unprecedented high level, and the two countries' all-around exchanges and cooperation have been fruitful.
普京表示，热烈欢迎老朋友习近平主席访问俄罗斯。建交70年来，在双方共同努力下，俄中关系达到前所未有的高水平，全方位交流合作富有成效。
The Russia-China comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination has not only benefited the two peoples, but has also become an important force for safeguarding global security and strategic stability, he said.
俄中建立起名符其实的全面战略协作伙伴关系，不仅造福了两国人民，也成为维护全球安全和战略稳定的重要力量。
Putin called on the two countries not to be complacent about what they have achieved, but be dedicated to bettering their bilateral relations.
我们不能满足已取得的成就，还要把两国关系发展得更好。
Xi's visit is of great significance in the complicated and volatile international situation, and it will inject strong impetus into the development of the Russia-China ties in the new era, Putin said.
在当前复杂多变的国际形势下，习近平主席此访意义重大，将为新时代俄中关系发展注入强大动力。
Russia and China should continue to strengthen coordination on major international and regional issues, jointly deal with the challenges of unilateralism and protectionism, and maintain global peace and stability.
俄中两国要继续加强在重大国际和地区问题上的协调协作，共同应对单边主义、保护主义带来的挑战，维护世界和平与稳定。
The Russian leader said his country is committed to deepening cooperation with China in the fields of economy and trade, agriculture, finance, science and technology, environment protection, telecommunications and infrastructure construction. Russia is willing to boost interactions at local levels, and promote exchanges in education, culture and tourism, according to him.
俄方致力于同中国深化经贸、农业、金融、科技、环保、通信、基础设施建设等领域合作。加大地方交往，增进教育、文化、旅游等人文交流。
Putin also said Russia is ready to provide China with sufficient oil and gas, and export more soybeans and other farm produce to China, and expects a faster alignment between the Eurasian Economic Union and the BRI.
俄方愿向中方提供充足的油气能源，愿增加对华出口大豆等农产品，希望加快欧亚经济联盟同“一带一路”的对接。
电子收费 ETC
With all expressway lanes capable of offering electronic toll collection (ETC) service by October, more than 90 percent of vehicles on expressways in China should be able to use the ETC system by year-end, the action plan said.
方案提出，2019年10月底前，所有车道均具备ETC服务功能，到今年年底，高速公路不停车快捷收费率达到90%以上。
【单词讲解】
ETC（electronic toll collection），即“电子收费”，在公路收费领域一般被称为“电子不停车快捷收费”。实现ETC收费需要在收费站设置电子识别设备（electronic readers），车辆上要安装应答器（transponders），驾驶员还需要提前在银行办理专门的信用卡作为高速公路通行费的扣款账户（declining-balance account）。
Toll这个词可以直接表示“（道路、桥梁）通行费”，所以，没有必要说toll fee，“收费站”就可以用toll gate、toll booth表示，咱们国家一些法定节假日期间小型车辆高速公路免费通行则可以说Most expressways in the country are going toll free for passenger cars with fewer than seven seats during the holiday period. 此外，在有关灾难事故的新闻报道中见到的toll则表示“（伤亡）人数”，比如death toll（死亡人数）、the toll of dead and injured mounted（伤亡人数增加）。
根据安排，2019年7月1日起，对ETC用户实施不少于5%的车辆通行费基本优惠（granting a discount of no less than 5 percent off expressway tolls for ETC users），各省份对通行本区域的ETC车辆实行无差别基本优惠政策。
2019年10月底前，所有车道均具备ETC服务功能，其中大中城市、新建城镇、旅游景区周边收费站ETC专用车道占比不低于70%（the proportion of ETC lanes should be no less than 70 percent by the end of October for big and medium-sized cities, new towns and sites near scenic spots）。
到今年年底，全国ETC用户数量将突破1.8亿，ETC车道将成为主要收费车道（ETC lanes will become the mainstream），货车实现不停车收费（allow nonstop passage of freight vehicles），所有人工收费车道支持移动支付（mobile payment）等电子收费方式。
自2020年1月1日起，除国务院另有规定外，各类通行费减免等优惠政策均依托ETC系统实现。同时鼓励社会资本参与发行，通过积分（collecting points）、打折（offering discounts）、返利（cash refund）、红包等形式优惠用户通行。
2020年12月底前，基本实现机场、火车站、客运站、港口码头等大型交通场站停车场景ETC服务全覆盖（full coverage of ETC service at airports, railway stations, bus hubs and ports）。推广ETC在居民小区、旅游景区等停车场景的应用。
到2025年，全国ETC用户数量将进一步提升，建成技术先进、制度完善、服务优质、运行稳定的高速公路电子不停车快捷收费体系（establishing an technologically advanced and stable electronic toll system for China's expressways that is well organized and able to provide quality services）。
新能源汽车 new energy vehicle
China has released a guideline to encourage the consumption of new energy vehicles (NEVs) to promote high-quality development of the sector and form a strong domestic market.
我国发布指导方案鼓励新能源汽车销售，促进该行业高质量发展，形成强大的国内市场。
【名词解释】
新能源汽车（new energy vehicles，NEVs）指采用新型动力系统，完全或主要依靠新型能源驱动的汽车，具有能耗低（low energy consumption）、污染物排放少（low pollutant emission）等特点，主要包括插电式混合动力汽车（plug-in hybrid electric vehicle，简称PHEV）、纯电动汽车(battery electric vehicles ,简称BEV)和燃料电池汽车（fuel-cell electric vehicles）。
方案提出，严禁各地出台新的汽车限购规定，坚决破除乘用车消费障碍。各地应大力推动新能源汽车消费使用，不得对新能源汽车实行限行、限购（local governments are strictly prohibited from imposing any limit on the consumption and use of NEVs），已实行的应当取消。
方案还提出鼓励地方对无车家庭购置首辆家用新能源汽车给予支持（support for the purchase of first NEVs of car-free families），鼓励有条件的地方在停车费等方面给予新能源汽车优惠等。
此外，方案也提出了大幅降低新能源汽车成本（lower the cost of NEVs production）、稳步推动智能汽车创新发展（promote innovative development of smart vehicles）、持续提升汽车节能环保性能（increase energy efficiency）等方面的内容。
宠物注射芯片 chipping pets
深圳市城市管理和综合执法局表示，2019年下半年，深圳将开始为全市所有犬只注射芯片。
The microchip is about the size of a grain of rice and inserted underneath the dog's skin right between the shoulder blades, according to Feng Zengjun, deputy director of Shenzhen Urban Administration and Law Enforcement Bureau. "The chip can migrate on the pet's body and poses no harm to the dogs."
深圳市城市管理和综合执法局副局长冯增军介绍，芯片只有米粒那么大，而犬只的皮和肉之间有空隙，芯片注射其中，可以在犬只的身上游走，不会对犬只造成伤害。
【单词讲解】
中文里，不同的名词前面使用不用的量词，在英语里也是一样的。这里提到的“一粒米”用的是a grain of rice，其他常见的食品量词，我们再多补充几个：
a scoop of ice cream 一个冰淇淋球 （注意，不可用ball）
a slice of pizza 一块披萨
a bar of chocolate 一块巧克力
a loaf of bread 一个面包
a cube of sugar 一块方糖
a handful of corn 一把玉米
a crate of bananas 一箱香蕉
a bunch of grapes 一串葡萄
a dash of salt 少量盐
a clove of garlic 一瓣蒜
冯增军表示，犬只注射芯片有不少好处，芯片证明了狗的唯一性，名贵犬只走丢，执法人员发现后，一扫就知道基本信息（the basic information of each dog can be scanned），有助于失主快速寻回犬只。同时，芯片也可督促养狗人尽责（remind owners to better discipline their dogs），犬只肇事后也跑不掉。
Shenzhen will also borrow experience from Hong Kong to establish pet corners across the city for dog lovers to communicate with each other.
深圳还将借鉴香港的经验，开辟宠物角，爱犬人士可以去那里遛狗、交流。
在为养犬人提供便利服务的同时，城管部门也将严格执法，全面规范养犬行为。“所有的犬只带到户外，必须牵绳（all dogs must be walked on leashes in the open air），同时，也会严格查处犬只造成的环境污染，狗大小便需及时清理（dog droppings must be immediately cleaned）。”
安宁疗护 hospice care
China hopes to soon expand an end-of-life care program across the country after a successful pilot program, the National Health Commission said.
国家卫健委表示，在前期试点成功的基础上，我国有望尽快将安宁疗护工作推广到全国。
The pilot program was first launched in five cities and municipal districts, including Haidian District in Beijing, Putuo District in Shanghai and Changchun in the northeastern province of Jilin, in 2017.
安宁疗护试点工作于2017年率先在全国5个市区展开，包括北京市海淀区，上海市普陀区以及吉林省长春市。
【名词解释】
安宁疗护（hospice care/end-of-life care）是旨在为疾病终末期或老年患者在临终前提供身体、心理、精神等方面的照料（attend to the physical, emotional and sometimes spiritual needs of the terminally ill or elderly patients）和人文关怀，控制痛苦和不适症状（focus on palliation of their pain and symptoms），提高生命质量，帮助患者舒适、安祥、有尊严的离世（help them die with more comfort and dignity）。
“健康中国2030（Healthy China 2030）”规划纲要当中明确提出，要构建治疗期住院、康复期护理、稳定期生活照料，以及安宁疗护的综合连续的老年健康服务体系（build a comprehensive and continuous elderly care service system that includes treatment, rehabilitation care,daily life care and hospice care）。
A total of 283,000 patients received end-of-life care across the country in 2018, according to an NHC meeting held on June 3.
国家卫健委在6月3日的一次会议上指出，2018年，我国共有28.3万人接受了安宁疗护。
王海东称，今年即将出台建立完善老年健康服务体系的指导意见，安宁疗护是其中一个重要方面，还要完善一些标准规范，比如说要制定出台安宁疗护进入的指导标准、安宁疗护用药的指导、专家共识（guidelines for end-of-life care services that include access requirements, medication guides and other expertise）等等。
China had about 170 million people aged 65 or above as of the end of 2018, which accounted for nearly 12 percent of its total population.
截止2018年底，我国65岁以上人口约为1.7亿，在总人口中的占比接近12%。
Around 75 percent of China's elderly people suffered from chronic diseases.
我国慢病老年人占老年人口的比例约达到75%。
There are also 40 million disabled and semi-disabled seniors with an urgent demand for long-term care.
此外，我国还有4000万失能及部分失能老人对长期照护服务的要求非常迫切。
大熊猫国际形象 global representative of China's giant pandas
A Pu, a cartoon image of a young male panda who loves playing table tennis, has become the official global representative of China's giant pandas.
一只喜欢打乒乓球的年轻雄性卡通大熊猫“阿璞”成为中国大熊猫官方国际形象。
由五洲传播中心与中国大熊猫保护研究中心联合主办的“中国大熊猫国际形象设计全球招募大赛（China Giant Panda Global Image Design Competition）”于今年2月上线启动，收到来自22个国家的2023份优秀作品（ 2,023 works recruited globally from 22 countries）。长着爱心眼圈、身穿红色短袖的卡通熊猫“阿璞”得票最高。
“阿璞”卡通熊猫背后的设计团队来自北京，该团队首席设计师这样解读背后的设计理念：
We gave A Pu the identity of a young male panda who will soon be a freshman in college and loves playing table tennis. A Pu wears a red T-shirt on which an image of his favorite food－bamboo shoot－can be seen. The eyes of A Pu are heart-shaped, suggesting sentiments of love and caring.
我们给“阿璞”设定的身份是一只马上要上大学的年轻雄性熊猫，喜欢打乒乓球。他穿着红色的T恤，上面印着他最爱吃的竹笋。“阿璞”的眼睛是心形的，代表爱与关怀。
The name A Pu is similar to the pronunciation of "up", as the theme of the competition is "UPanda, signifying the vitality of the young generation".
“阿璞”这个名字跟up（向上）的读音接近，而这次大赛的主题是“有熊猫UPanda，代表年轻一代的活力”。
主办方认为，“阿璞”贴合大赛“中国大熊猫，世界新青年（Chinese Giant Panda and world's new generation）”的主题，呈现和代表越来越国际化的中国新青年：朝气、活力、乐观、自信、爱分享的国际风貌（common qualities shared by today's Chinese young people: dynamics, vitality, optimism, self-confidence, spirit of sharing）。
The image of A Pu will be widely promoted as the official icon of China's giant pandas through cooperation with entertainment and sports companies and will be a bridge connecting China with the rest of the world.
“阿璞”将作为中国大熊猫官方形象，通过与娱乐和体育公司的合作进行广泛宣传，成为连接中国与世界的桥梁。
科创板 STAR Market
China inaugurated its Nasdaq-like STAR Market, also known as the sci-tech innovation board, at the Shanghai Stock Exchange on Thursday, kicking off the country's much-anticipated capital market reform.
6月13日，科创板在上海证券交易所开板，拉开了我国期待已久的资本市场改革序幕。
【知识点】
上海证券交易所科创板的英文名为SSE STAR Market，其中SSE代表Shanghai Stock Exchange，而STAR则是从Sci-Tech innovAtion boaRd中各取了一个字母，STAR一词本身有“星星、明星、主演”之意，该缩写寓意着未来科创板如一颗冉冉升起的新星。
股市中的其他各种板包括：主板（mainboard）、中小板（SME board）、创业板（growth enterprise market, GEM）等。
科创板是什么板？
The new market will support tech companies that are in line with the national strategies, make breakthroughs in core technologies and are well accepted by the market to grow stronger, Yi Huiman, chairman of the China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC), said at the launching ceremony of the sci-tech innovation board at the Lujiazui Forum in Shanghai.
中国证监会主席易会满13日在陆家嘴论坛上举行的科创板开板仪式上表示，科创板要着力支持符合国家战略、突破关键核心技术、市场认可度高的科技创新企业做优做强、发展壮大。
2018年11月5日，习近平主席在首届中国国际进口博览会开幕式主旨演讲中宣布：
将在上海证券交易所设立科创板并试点注册制，支持上海国际金融中心和科技创新中心建设，不断完善资本市场基础制度。
We will launch a science and technology innovation board at the Shanghai Stock Exchange and experiment with a registration system for listed companies. We will also support Shanghai in cementing its position as an international financial center and a hub of science and innovation, and steadily improve the fundamental institutions of its capital market.
2019年1月30日，中国证监会发布《关于在上海证券交易所设立科创板并试点注册制的实施意见》，意见指出科创板将重点支持新一代信息技术（new generation information technology）、高端装备（advanced equipment）、新材料（new materials）、新能源（new energy）、节能环保（energy conservation and environmental protection）以及生物医药（biomedicine）等高新技术产业和战略性新兴产业（high-tech and strategic emerging sectors）。
意见明确，在科创板试点注册制（registration-based IPO mechanism），合理制定科创板股票发行条件（IPO qualifications）和更加全面深入精准的信息披露规则体系（comprehensive and specific framework of rules for information disclosure）。上交所负责科创板发行上市审核（IPO screening），证监会负责科创板股票发行注册（IPO registration）。证监会将加强对上交所审核工作的监督，并强化新股发行上市事前事中事后全过程监管（end-to-end supervision）。
As of June 10, the Shanghai Stock Exchange had handled 119 applications for IPOs on the sci-tech innovation board. Of all, 41 companies, or 34 percent, are in the field of new-generation information technology, 21 in the advanced equipment industry, 27 in biomedicine and 13 in new materials.
截止6月10日，上交所已经收到了119个科创板上市申请，其中有41家企业（34%）来自新一代信息技术领域，21家来自高端装备行业，27家来自生物制药行业，还有13家来自新材料领域。
易会满说，证监会将会同市场各方，坚持以增量改革带动存量改革，充分发挥科创板的改革试验田作用，形成可复制、可推广的经验，以此带动资本市场全面深化改革（push forward sweeping reforms of the capital market），努力打造一个规范、透明、开放、有活力、有韧性的资本市场（build the capital market into a regulated, transparent and open one full of vigor and resilience）。
垃圾分类 garbage sorting
《上海市生活垃圾管理条例》将于7月1日正式开始实施。该条例在建立健全全程分类体系的同时，分设了促进源头减量和资源化处理专章，将管理范畴延伸到两端，涵盖了全链条。
According to the regulation, people are required to sort household garbage into four categories — dry garbage, wet garbage (kitchen waste), recyclables and hazardous waste — and individuals who fail to do so will be fined up to 200 yuan. For companies and institutions, the fine can go up to 50,000 yuan. In addition, transport operators can refuse to pick up the garbage if it's not properly sorted.
根据条例规定，人们须将家中的垃圾按照干垃圾、湿垃圾（厨余垃圾）、可回收物以及有害垃圾这四个类别放置，如果个人没有将垃圾分类投放最高罚款200元人民币，单位混装混运最高罚款5万元人民币。此外，未经分类的垃圾，收运单位可以拒绝接收。
【单词讲解】
Garbage，rubbish， trash 和 waste 在英语里都有“垃圾、废物”意思，它们的区别在于在哪个说英语的国家更常用。Garbage 是垃圾的美式英语说法；rubbish 是英式英语垃圾的意思；trash 也是美式英语垃圾的意思，但是它也可以用来指不值得尊重的人；waste 是一个正式用语，指没有利用价值的东西，包括废品、垃圾、废物、废料或者指时间、金钱、精力等的浪费。
除了居民个人垃圾分类要求外，条例针对特定对象提出了强制性要求。
According to the regulation, if not requested by guests, hotels should not provide disposable slippers and shower caps, while restaurants and food delivery businesses should not provide disposable cutlery.
条例规定，旅馆不得主动提供拖鞋、浴帽等一次性日用品，餐饮服务提供者和餐饮配送服务提供者不得主动提供一次性餐具。
Government and public institutions are not allowed to use disposable cups in the office and should give priority in purchasing products made from recycled materials.
党政机关、事业单位内部办公场所不得使用一次性杯具，采购时应优先选择由可回收材料制成的产品。
All the courier companies that operate in the city should use digital orders and environment friendly materials for packaging.
上海所有快递企业都应使用电子快递单，使用环保材料包装。
嫌每天给家里垃圾分类很麻烦？据说现在已经有上门代收垃圾服务（garbage pick-up service）了，市民在出门前将打好包的垃圾放在家门口（place their bagged household garbage at doorstep），每天上午定时都会有专人负责拿走，每次服务支付1元人民币的费用。
沪伦通 Shanghai-London Stock Connect
6月17日，中国证监会和英国金融行为监管局发布联合公告，原则批准上海证券交易所和伦敦证券交易所开展沪伦通业务，沪伦通正式启动。
Under the Shanghai-London Stock Connect mechanism, Shanghai-listed companies can list on the London Stock Exchange via Global Depositary Receipts (GDRs) issuance, while British companies can issue China Depositary Receipts (CDRs) on the Shanghai Stock Exchange.
在沪伦通业务机制下，上海的上市公司可以通过全球存托凭证在伦敦证券交易所上市交易，英国的上市公司可以在上海证券交易所挂牌中国存托凭证。
【知识点】
沪伦通（Shanghai-London Stock Connect），即上海证券交易所与伦敦证券交易所互联互通机制（connectivity mechanism between the Shanghai Stock Exchange and the London Stock Exchange），符合条件的两地上市公司可依照对方市场的法律法规发行存托凭证（Depositary Receipt，DR），并在对方市场上市交易。
存托凭证（Depositary Receipt，DR），指在一国证券市场流通的公司通过中间机构(通常为一银行，称为保管银行或受托银行)在外国交易市场发行的有价证券的可转让凭证。存托凭证一般代表公司股票，但有时也代表债券。境外基础证券发行人在中国境内发行的存托凭证叫中国存托凭证（China Depositary Receipts，CDRs），境内企业在境外发行的存托凭证叫全球存托凭证（Global Depositary Receipts，GDRs）。
A quota system has also been established for the cross-border conversion business in the early stages of the program, according to a joint announcement by the CSRC and the Financial Conduct Authority.
中国证监会和英国金融行为监管局的联合公告指出，起步阶段，对沪伦通跨境资金实行总额度管理。
Under the system, the quota for eastbound business is set at 250 billion yuan (about $36.26 billion ), while that for westbound business stands at 300 billion yuan.
其中，东向业务总额度为2500亿元人民币；西向业务总额度为3000亿元人民币。
投资者开通沪伦通权限须满足：前20个交易日证券账户及资金账户内的资产日均不低于人民币300万元。
作为连接中国和英国资本市场的桥梁，沪伦通源起于2015年9月举行的第七次中英经济财金对话（the seventh China-UK Economic and Financial Dialogue）。过去4年间，中英双方都在为这座桥梁早日“通车”积极准备。
The mechanism would be of far-reaching significance to expand channels for cross-border investment and fund-raising, boost the development of both countries' capital markets and encourage the building of Shanghai into an international financial hub, the CSRC said in a statement.
证监会表示，启动沪伦通对拓宽双向跨境投融资渠道，促进中英两国资本市场共同发展，助力上海国际金融中心建设，都将产生重要和深远的影响。
2014年和2016年，我国先后推出沪港通（Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect）和深港通（Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect），允许沪深和香港的投资者互相到对方市场直接买卖股票。
地震预警 earthquake early warning
据中国地震台网正式测定：6月17日22时55分，四川省宜宾市长宁县（北纬28.34度，东经104.90度）发生6.0级地震，震源深度16千米。
In the provincial capital Chengdu, an early warning system alarmed the public through multiple broadcasting systems about one minute before the earthquake struck. The same system alerted residents in Yibin ten seconds before the quake hit.
省会成都在地震到达前约1分钟的时候通过多个广播渠道向民众发出警示，宜宾地区则在地震到达前10秒发出预警。
地震预警四川省重点实验室主任、成都高新减灾研究所所长王暾说：“地震预警不是预报（earthquake early warning is not an earthquake forecast），而是基于物联网技术（with advanced technology from the Internet of Things），利用电波比地震波快的原理（use the theory that radio waves travel faster than seismic waves），提前几秒到几十秒实现全自动警报。”
Earthquake research has found that being aware of an earthquake three seconds beforehand can save 14 percent of casualties, 10 seconds can save 39 percent of casualties, and 20 seconds can save 63 percent of casualties.
地震研究表明，如果能在地震发生前3秒发出预警，伤亡人数可减少14%；提前10秒，将减少39%伤亡；提前20秒，可减少63%伤亡。
同时，在重要工程如化工、高铁、地铁等领域，可通过系统紧急处置减少经济损失和次生灾害（save economic losses and avoid secondary disasters）。
习金会 Xi-Kim summit
6月20日，中共中央总书记、国家主席习近平在平壤锦绣山迎宾馆同朝鲜劳动党委员长、国务委员会委员长金正恩会谈。
The top leaders of China and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) agreed Thursday that the two countries should stay true to their original aspirations and join hands to create a bright future of inter-party and inter-state relations at a new starting point in history.
双方一致同意，在新的历史起点上，中朝双方愿不忘初心、携手前进，共同开创两党两国关系的美好未来。
By reviewing the development of China-DPRK relations, an insightful conclusion can be drawn that it is the essential attribute of the relationship that both are socialist countries adhering to the leadership of a Communist party, Xi stressed.
习近平强调，回顾中朝关系历程，可以深刻认识到：坚持共产党领导的社会主义国家是中朝关系的本质属性。
Shared ideals, beliefs and goals are the driving force of the relationship, the continuous friendship between and strategic guidance by top leaders are the greatest strength, and the geographical proximity and cultural affinity offer a sturdy bond, he added.
共同的理想信念和奋斗目标是中朝关系的前进动力；最高领导人的友谊传承和战略引领是中朝关系的最大优势；地缘相亲和文缘相通是中朝关系的牢固纽带。
The China-DPRK friendship is a strategic choice made by the two sides with a long-term and overall perspective and will not waver due to changes in the international situation, Xi said, adding that the friendship accords with the aspirations of both peoples, the fundamental interests of both countries and the development trend of the times.
我们坚信，中朝友谊符合两国人民心愿，符合两国根本利益，符合时代发展潮流，也是双方着眼长远大局作出的战略选择，不会因国际风云变幻而动摇。
Noting that China-DPRK ties have now entered a new historical period, Xi said that the CPC and the Chinese government attach great importance to the friendly and cooperative relations between the two countries, and that it is a steadfast policy of the CPC and the Chinese government to maintain, consolidate and develop China-DPRK relations.
习近平表示，当前，中朝关系已经进入新的历史时期。中国党和政府高度重视中朝友好合作关系，维护好、巩固好、发展好中朝关系，始终是中国党和政府坚定不移的方针。
In face of the profound and complex changes on the global and regional landscapes, China and the DPRK should strengthen high-level contact to guide the development of China-DPRK relations, Xi said, adding that he is ready to maintain close exchanges with Kim to consolidate mutual political trust and hold firmly the general direction of bilateral relations.
面对国际和地区形势深刻复杂演变，双方要加强高层交往，为中朝关系发展引领航向。我愿意同金正恩委员长保持密切交往，巩固政治互信，牢牢把握中朝关系发展大方向。
The two sides, Xi said, should deepen strategic communication and exchange views on major issues in an in-depth and timely manner, so as to create a favorable environment for the development of both countries.
双方要加强战略沟通，及时就重大问题深入交换意见，为两国发展营造良好环境。
He also suggested that the two sides expand practical cooperation to bring more benefits to both peoples.
双方要拓展务实合作，为两国人民带来更大福祉。
China, he said, is ready to work with the DPRK to continue to implement the plan for commemorating the 70th anniversary of diplomatic ties, and conduct exchanges and cooperation in such fields as education, health, sports, media and youth as well as at local levels, so as to carry forward the traditional China-DPRK friendship and improve the well-being of both peoples.
中方愿同朝方继续落实好建交70周年纪念活动方案，开展教育、卫生、体育、媒体、青年、地方等领域交流合作，弘扬中朝传统友谊，增进两国人民福祉。
On the Korean Peninsula issue, Xi reaffirmed China's support for efforts to push forward the political settlement process and build up conditions for its resolution.
在朝鲜半岛问题上，习近平重申，中方支持推进半岛问题政治解决进程，为解决问题积累和创造条件。
Xi spoke highly of the DPRK's efforts to safeguard peace and stability on the Korean Peninsula and promote the denuclearization of the peninsula.
习近平积极评价朝方为维护半岛和平稳定、推动半岛无核化作出的努力。
China, Xi said, is willing to provide assistance within its capacity for the DPRK to address its legitimate security and development concerns, strengthen coordination and cooperation with the DPRK as well as other relevant parties, and play a positive and constructive role in achieving denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula and long-term stability in the region.
中方愿为朝方解决自身合理安全和发展关切提供力所能及的帮助，愿同朝方及有关各方加强协调和配合，为实现半岛无核化和地区长治久安发挥积极建设性作用。
For his part, Kim said that over the past year, the DPRK has taken many active measures to avoid tensions and control the situation on the Korean Peninsula, but has not received positive responses from the party concerned, which the DPRK does not want to see.
金正恩表示过去一年多来，朝方为避免局势紧张、管控半岛局势，采取了许多积极举措，但没有得到有关方的积极回应，这是朝方不愿意看到的。
The DPRK is willing to stay patient, and hopes that the relevant party will work with the DPRK to seek solutions that accommodate each other's legitimate concerns and push for results from the dialogue process, Kim said.
朝方愿保持耐心，同时希望有关方同朝方相向而行，探索符合各自合理关切的解决方案，推动半岛问题有关对话进程取得成果。
The DPRK highly appreciates the important role played by China in solving the Korean Peninsula issue, he said, adding that his country is ready to continue to strengthen communication and coordination with China to strive for new progress in the political settlement of the issue and safeguard peace and stability on the peninsula.
朝方高度评价中方在半岛问题解决过程中发挥的重要作用，愿继续同中方加强沟通和协调，努力推动半岛问题政治解决取得新进展，维护半岛和平与稳定。
脱钩改革 decoupling reform
国家发改委、民政部、中央组织部等在内的10部门于6月14日发布《关于全面推开行业协会商会与行政机关脱钩改革的实施意见》，就全面推开行业协会商会与行政机关脱钩改革提出意见。
The decoupling reform was first advanced in July 2015 after the general plan was issued. In three pilot programs over the following three years, 422 national associations and 5,318 provincial industrial associations were decoupled from administrative organs, which account for more than 50 percent of the overall industrial associations.
脱钩改革总体方案于2015年7月提出，在之后的三年中推出了三批试点，共有422家全国性协会和5318家省级协会实现与行政机关脱钩，均超过应脱钩协会总数的50%。
【单词讲解】
这里的decouple是前缀de-加couple一词构成的，我们都知道couple表示“夫妻、情侣、配偶、一对”或者“连接、结合”等意思，社交媒体上的流行词CP就是来源于coupling，意思是真人明星或者虚拟人物的粉丝将两个人物配对成恋爱关系或其他亲密关系的行为。前缀de-一般表示“否定、相反、除去”等意思，所以，decouple就是“使...脱离关系”的意思，常用的搭配的decouple...from...。
同时，uncouple也有“脱离关系”的意思，二者的区别在哪里呢？简单来说，uncouple表示客观上解除二者之间的关系，比如，夫妻或情侣分手，可以用they are going through the process of uncoupling表示，之后，二者之间就没有关系了。或者， uncouple the two railroad cars（使两节火车车厢分离）。而decouple表达的意思要更复杂一些，就像这里提到的，使行业协会与行政机关脱钩，这里的脱钩不是简单脱离关系那么简单，还涉及到各种复杂的事务流程。
实施意见指出，脱钩的主体是各级行政机关（administrative organs at various levels）与其主办、主管、联系、挂靠的行业协会商会（ industrial associations and chambers of commerce that are organized, administered, have contact with or attached to the administrative organs）。
同时具有以下特征的行业协会商会纳入脱钩范围：会员主体为从事相同性质经济活动的单位、同业人员，或同地域的经济组织；名称以“行业协会（industrial association）”、“协会（association/society）”、“商会（chamber of commerce）”、“同业公会（guild）”、“联合会（league）”、“促进会（association for promotion）”等字样为后缀；在民政部门登记为社会团体法人。
According to the document, all the qualified industrial associations and chambers of commerce should be completely decoupled from the related administrative organs in terms of organization, function, personnel, finance, property Party building and publicity.
改革的具体任务主要包括机构分离、职能分离、资产财务分离、人员管理分离、党建外事等事项分离等。
According to the timetable for the reform, decoupling should be completed in an all-round way by the end of 2020.
根据实施意见的时间安排，全面实施行业协会商会脱钩改革，2020年底前基本完成。
同车不同温 subway train with varying temperatures
In a bid to ease complaints and accommodate passengers' needs in the hot summer months of Beijing, Subway Line 6 is now offering train services with varying temperatures.
炎热夏季，为了应对乘客的抱怨、满足乘客需求，北京地铁6号线推出“同车不同温”服务。
【单词讲解】
Accommodate这个词有好几个意思，咱们最常见的是“容纳；提供住宿”，比如，This hotel can accommodate at least 100 guests.（这家旅馆至少可以为100位客人提供住宿。）This school is not big enough to accommodate all the children.（这个学校不够大，没法容纳下所有孩子。）但是在这里，accommodate的意思是“迎合、适应（某人的要求）”，一般搭配是accommodate one's needs/demands。这个词的名词形式accommodation多指“住处；（楼房或交通工具内的）空间，座位”，比如，temporary accommodation（临时住处）。
Those riding on the front half of the train will be hit with a strong blast of air conditioning, while those on the back half will be subject to much less intense A/C.
位于地铁列车前半部分的车厢将提供强冷风空调，后半部分的车厢则提供弱冷风空调。
京地铁运营一分公司相关负责人表示，目前6号线整列车厢温度高峰时设置为26℃，平峰时设置为27℃。工作人员将通过手动程序，分别对“强冷”车厢和“弱冷”车厢的空调温度进行调节（subway staff will manually adjust temperatures in carriages based on which section they are in）。
北京地铁方面表示，通过对已上线的3列车试运行情况看，“弱冷车厢”内的空调温度要比“强冷车厢”内高2℃（temperature in carriages of cool section is 2 degrees higher than that of cold section）。具体而言，“强冷车厢”的平均客室内温度约为25℃。
不规范地名 improper place names
近日，多地发布的“关于需清理整治不规范地名清单的公示”引发热议。
The Ministry of Civil Affairs on Friday instructed local authorities to act prudently and appropriately in a campaign against improper place names.
6月21日，民政部要求各地在清理整治不规范地名时要稳妥实施。
2018年12月，民政部（the Ministry of Civil Affairs）、公安部（the Ministry of Public Security）、自然资源部（the Ministry of Natural resources）、住房城乡建设部（the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development）、交通运输部（the Ministry of Transport）、国家市场监管总局（State Administration for Market Regulation）联合印发《关于进一步清理整治不规范地名的通知》，对清理整治不规范地名工作作出安排部署。
The campaign mainly targets improper names of newly built residential areas and major projects that have had a negative social effect and have stirred strong public reactions-those featuring exaggeration, blind worshiping of foreign names, odd and incomprehensible words and repetitive names.
各地要重点清理整治社会影响恶劣、各方反映强烈的城镇新建居民区、大型建筑物中的“大、洋、怪、重”等不规范地名。
其中，“大”指刻意夸大（exaggeration），“洋”指崇洋媚外（blind worshiping of foreign names），“怪”指怪异难懂（odd and incomprehensible words），“重”指重名同音（repetitive names）。
民政部要求各地准确把握政策，严格按照有关法规和原则标准组织实施（regulations and guidelines should be strictly observed），防止随意扩大清理整治范围（prevent the campaign from being expanded in an arbitrary manner）。
It urged local authorities to regulate their work procedures, solicit public and expert opinions and produce a list of proposed name corrections cautiously.
民政部要求进一步规范工作程序，充分进行专家论证，广泛征求各方意见，审慎提出清理整治清单。
高温津贴 high-temperature subsidy
Among 28 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions that have implemented high-temperature subsidies, nine of them -- including Zhejiang, Shanghai, Anhui, Jiangxi, Tianjin and Hebei -- have raised their standards for high-temperature subsidies this summer, Beijing News reported.
据新京报报告，在全国发放高温津贴的28个省市区当中，浙江、上海、安徽、江西、天津以及河北等9个省市今年均上调了高温津贴。
根据《防暑降温措施管理办法》，劳动者在温度35℃以上的户外露天作业(workers exposed to outdoor temperatures above 35℃)或在温度33℃以上的室内工作场所工作(work indoors in temperatures above 33℃)时，用人单位应当向劳动者发放高温津贴(high-temperature subsidies)。
After the adjustment, employees in Shanghai, Jiangsu and Zhejiang will get a monthly subsidy of 300 yuan, the highest amount in the nation.
在按月计发的省份里，上海、江苏及浙江三地的职工高温津贴调整后将达到每月300元，为全国最高。
Anhui has raised its subsidy standard from 10 yuan per day to 15 yuan, while Sichuan adjusted the local standard from 8 to 12 yuan per day to 10-18 yuan.
安徽省按日计发的高温津贴标准为不低于15元/天，较此前不低于10元/天的标准有所上调。四川省的标准也由8-12元/天提高至10-18元/天。
Hebei is the only region that sets an hourly high-temperature subsidy standard. It has raised the local standard to 2 yuan per hour for outdoor workers and 1.5 yuan per hour for indoor workers, up from the previous 1.5 yuan and 1 yuan, respectively.
只有河北省是按小时计发高温津贴的。河北省规定，室外露天作业的高温津贴为2元/小时，室内高温作业的劳动者津贴标准为1.5元/小时，这一标准也较过去（分别为1.5元和1元）有所提高。
除了高温津贴标准有所不同，津贴发放的月份，全国各地也不尽相同。
Employees in northern regions and provinces such as Beijing and Shanxi are entitled to the subsidy from June to August, while those in southern regions and provinces such as Guangdong and Guangxi can receive the subsidy from June to October.
如北京市、山西省都明确高温津贴发放时间是6月至8月。广东、广西则从6月一直发放到10月。
For those in the southernmost Hainan province, the subsidy is paid from April to October.
海南省发放时间从4月持续至10月。
仿制药 generic drugs
The National Health Commission has released a list of suggested generic drugs to treat serious diseases including AIDS and leukemia.
国家卫健委公示了一批仿制药品建议清单，用于治疗艾滋病、白血病等重大疾病。
【名词解释】
仿制药（generic drugs）是指专利药品在专利保护期结束后（after the patents on the original drugs expire），不拥有该专利的药企仿制的替代药品。仿制药与原研药具有相同的活性成分（active ingredient ）、剂型（dosage）、给药途径（route of administration）和治疗作用（intended use），但是仿制药的价格要明显低于原研药。
《关于第一批鼓励仿制药品目录建议清单的公示》指出，清单中的34种药物是由国家卫健委联合科技部、工业和信息化部、国家药监局、知识产权局等部门组织专家对国内专利到期（off patent）和专利即将到期（nearing patent expiration）尚没有提出注册申请、临床供应短缺（竞争不充分，have no generic drug counterpart）以及企业主动申报的药品进行遴选论证后提出。
清单出台背景
2018年4月，国家卫健委、国家发改委等12部门联合发布《关于加快落实仿制药供应保障及使用政策工作方案》。
The plan required the release of the first generic drugs catalogue before the end of June this year to lead pharmaceutical companies' research and development, registration and production, and promote the use of generic drugs.
方案要求，2019年6月底前，发布第一批鼓励仿制的药品目录，引导企业研发、注册和生产，促进仿制药替代使用。
在2018年4月国务院办公厅印发的《关于改革完善仿制药供应保障及使用政策的意见》中明确提出促进仿制药研发的要求。
The document encourages pharmaceutical enterprises to develop generic drugs with definite therapeutic effects that are necessary in clinical application and are in a short supply.
文件鼓励药企研发临床必需、疗效确切、供应短缺的仿制药品。
奥运申办程序变革 Olympic bidding overhaul
The International Olympic Committee outlined plans to overhaul the bidding process for future Games, stating that cities interested in hosting the Games should hold referendums before submitting official tenders to avoid having to withdraw their candidacy at a later date.
国际奥委会公布了奥运会申办规程的改革方案，要求有意申办奥运会的城市在提交正式申请之前应先举行全民公投，以免在成为候选城市之后中途退出。
【单词讲解】
Overhaul这个词可用作动词或名词，表示“翻修；革新；彻底检查”等意思，比如：overhaul the income tax policy/the income tax policy overhaul（个税改革）、overhaul the original plan（改变最初的计划）等。
Withdraw their candidacy就是“放弃候选城市资格”，即“退出申办”，也可以用drop out of bidding来表示。Drop out of通常表示“退出”，比如，“中途退学”就是drop out of school。
过去几年来，不断出现奥运会申办城市中途退出的现象。
For the 2026 Winter Olympics, which this week was awarded to Milan and Cortina D'Ampezzo, four cities pulled out.
本周刚刚公布2026年冬奥会主办城市为米兰和科尔蒂纳丹佩佐，此前已有4个申办城市退出。
It was a similar situation for the 2022 and 2024 Games. Local referendums have also killed off many bids or planned candidacies, including in Switzerland, Germany, Austria and Canada among others.
2022年和2024年奥运会申办城市中也有类似的情况。而在瑞士、德国、奥地利以及加拿大等国，奥运申办意向在提交之前就被当地的全民公投给否决了。
除了要求申办之前获得全民支持以外，国际奥委会此次公布的变革内容还包括：
第一，未来将分别组建“夏季奥运会举办地委员会”和“冬季奥运会举办地委员会”（future host commissions one each for Summer and Winter Games）。
The new panels will be empowered to have “permanent ongoing dialogue” with potential bidders and pro-actively approach preferred hosts. They will recommend one or more candidates for an election.
新的委员会有权与潜在的申办城市以及他们青睐的举办城市保持“长期密切对话”，并推荐一个或多个候选城市。
第二，未来的奥运会不一定非要提前7年确定举办地。
A new, flexible campaign timetable will end the Olympic Charter rule requiring hosts to be voted on seven years in advance of a Summer or Winter Games.
《奥林匹克宪章》中要求夏季或冬季奥运会主办城市需提前7年选定的条款将被新的更加灵活的申办时间表所取代。
其实，这种时间的灵活，在洛杉矶提前11年获得2028年奥运会举办权就体现出来了。
第三，未来的奥运会不再限定在一个城市举办。
Host can also refer to multiple cities, regions and/or countries.
主办城市可以是好几个城市、地区或者国家。
第四，国际奥委会鼓励举办地更多使用现有或临时场馆及设施（use existing or temporary venues and infrastructures）。
个税免征项目 income tax exemptions
China further clarified taxable items among individual earnings, with 11 sources of income exempted from taxation, according to a policy announcement issued by the Ministry of Finance and State Taxation Administration on Tuesday.
6月25日，财政部和国家税务总局发布政策公告，进一步明确了个人收入中的可征税项目，以及11类免于征税的收入来源。
【单词讲解】
Exempt表示“免除、豁免”，可以用作动词、名词、形容词，一般搭配是be exempt(ed) from，比如：Men in college were exempt from military service（大学在校男生免服兵役）；the estate was exempt from taxes（这个房子免税）。
公告中明确免于征收个人所得税的情形包括：
房屋产权所有人将房屋产权无偿赠与配偶、父母、子女、祖父母、外祖父母、孙子女、外孙子女、兄弟姐妹（the owner gives one's property to spouse, parents, children, grandparents, grandchildren, siblings as gift）；
房屋产权所有人将房屋产权无偿赠与对其承担直接抚养或者赡养义务的抚养人或者赡养人（the owner gives one's property to the ones who have been taking care of and supporting him/her as gift）；
房屋产权所有人死亡，依法取得房屋产权的法定继承人、遗嘱继承人或者受遗赠人（property transfer to legitimate heirs upon the owner's death）；
企业在业务宣传、广告等活动中，赠送的具有价格折扣或折让性质的消费券、代金券、抵用券、优惠券（coupons used as discounts）等礼品；
亲戚朋友之间互相赠送的网络红包（online red envelopes among family members and friends）；
保险公司支付给保期内未出险的人寿保险保户的利息（interests paid from unclaimed life insurance policies）；
股民个人从证券公司取得的回扣收入或交易手续费返还收入（transaction fee returns from securities firms）等。
十点共识 ten-point consensus
国家主席习近平27日在大阪会见日本首相安倍晋三。两国领导人一致认为，双方应聚焦共识，管控分歧，共同推动两国关系健康发展。
双方领导人达成十点共识。
Among the consensus, Xi and Abe spoke highly of the sound momentum in the development of China-Japan relations and agreed that as both countries have entered a new era of development, joint efforts are needed to build bilateral relations that meet the requirements of the new era.
一、两国领导人积极评价当前中日关系改善发展的良好势头。双方认为，中日都进入发展的新时代，双方应共同致力于构建契合新时代要求的中日关系。
While the world is undergoing profound changes unseen in a century, the two leaders saw fresh opportunities for developing bilateral relations as mutual interests and common concerns between the two countries are increasing day by day.
当今世界正面临百年未有之大变局。双方认为，双方共同利益和共同关切日益增多，两国关系面临新的发展机遇。
Secondly, the two leaders reiterated that their countries will hold fast to various principles stipulated in the four political documents between China and Japan and implement the political consensus that they are cooperative partners who never pose a threat to each other.
二、两国领导人重申，恪守中日四个政治文件确立的各项原则，践行中日互为合作伙伴、互不构成威胁的政治共识。
The two countries will also uphold the spirit of replacing competition with coordination and continue to push forward the China-Japan relations on the right track.
本着化竞争为协调的精神，推动中日关系沿着正确轨道持续向前发展。
Thirdly, Xi and Abe agreed to maintain close communication, strengthen high-level guidance and keep increasing political mutual trust.
三、两国领导人同意保持密切沟通，加强高层引领，不断增进政治互信。
Abe, on behalf of the Japanese government, invited Xi to pay a state visit to Japan in the spring next year. Xi agreed in principle to the invitation. The two leaders have instructed their respective foreign affairs departments to maintain communication on the timing of the state visit.
安倍首相代表日本政府邀请习近平主席明年春天对日本进行国事访问，习主席原则接受邀请。两国领导人责成双方外交部门就具体时机保持沟通。
Fourthly, the two leaders agreed to further deepen the convergence of interests between their countries and strengthen mutually beneficial cooperation in a wide range of areas such as science and technology innovation, protection of intellectual property rights, trade and investment, finance, medical and health, old-age care, energy saving and environmental protection and tourism.
四、两国领导人同意，进一步深化两国利益交融，加强在科技创新、知识产权保护、经贸投资、财政金融、医疗康养、养老照护、节能环保、旅游观光等广泛领域互利合作。
The Japanese side sees the Belt and Road Initiative as a promising idea for linking diverse regions, while China welcomes Japan to actively take part in the high-quality construction of the Belt and Road.
日方认为“一带一路”倡议是联结多样化地区的富有潜力的构想。中方欢迎日方积极参与高质量共建“一带一路”。
The two sides will continue to strive for solid results in third-party market cooperation.
双方将继续着力推动第三方市场合作取得扎实成果。
China and Japan support their respective enterprises to expand mutual investment and pledge to provide a fair, non-discriminatory, and predictable business environment for the other's enterprises.
双方支持两国企业扩大相互投资，确认为对方企业提供公平、非歧视、可预期的营商环境。
Fifthly, Xi and Abe stressed that China and Japan, both important contributors to the development of the Asian civilization, should inherit and carry forward the achievements of Asian civilization, and advocate equal dialogue and mutual learning among various civilizations.
五、两国领导人强调，中日都是亚洲文明发展的重要贡献者，应传承弘扬亚洲文明成果，倡导不同文明间开展平等对话、交流互鉴。
The two countries should keep strengthening people-to-people exchanges and cooperation based on their profound historical and cultural origins. The two leaders agreed to kickstart within the year a high-level consultation mechanism on people-to-people and cultural exchanges between the two countries.
应以深厚的历史文化渊源为纽带，持续加强人文领域交流合作。两国领导人决定，年内启动中日高级别人文交流磋商机制。
Sixthly, the two leaders agreed to actively carry out friendly non-governmental exchanges between China and Japan, so as to increase mutual understanding and strengthen the people-to-people bond.
六、两国领导人同意，积极开展中日民间友好交流，增进相互理解，促进民心相通。
The two sides should take the opportunity of the ongoing China-Japan Youth Exchange Promotion Year to actively carry out various exchange activities such as study tours.
双方要以今年“中日青少年交流促进年”为契机，积极开展修学旅行等内容丰富、形式多样的互访交流活动。
Seventhly, Xi and Abe reiterated that their countries will adhere to the path of peaceful development and be partners in peaceful development.
七、两国领导人重申，中日将坚持走和平发展道路，共做和平发展的伙伴。
In this respect, China and Japan should strengthen communication and cooperation in security, actively promote the building of constructive bilateral security relations and gradually set up solid strategic reciprocity and mutual trust.
双方应加强安全领域交流与合作，积极推动构建建设性双边安全关系，逐步确立稳固的战略互惠互信。
The two leaders agreed to further strengthen dialogue in diplomacy and security.
两国领导人同意双方进一步加强外交和安全领域对话。
Eighthly, the two leaders agreed to properly handle sensitive issues and manage disputes and differences constructively.
八、两国领导人同意，妥善处理敏感问题，建设性管控矛盾分歧。
The two sides will continue to promote the implementation of the principled consensus on East China Sea issues and make joint efforts to safeguard peace and stability of the East China Sea, so as to turn it into a sea of peace, cooperation and friendship.
双方将继续推动落实东海问题原则共识，共同努力维护东海和平稳定，实现使东海成为和平、合作、友好之海的目标。
Ninthly, the two leaders believe that China and Japan, both important Asian countries and major global economies, should jointly safeguard multilateralism and the free trade system, actively steer regional integration, advance the building of an open world economy, and promote the common development of all countries.
九、两国领导人认为，中日同为亚洲重要国家和世界主要经济体，应共同维护多边主义和自由贸易体制，积极引领区域一体化，推动构建开放型世界经济，促进世界各国共同发展。
The two sides agreed to make the G20 play its important role in promoting the steady development of the world economy and improving the global governance system.
双方同意，发挥二十国集团在促进世界经济稳定发展、推动完善全球治理体系建设中的重要作用。
They also agreed to accelerate negotiations on the China-Japan-South Korea Free Trade Agreement and strive for concluding negotiations on the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership within the year.
加快推动中日韩自贸协定谈判进程，年内力争完成区域全面经济伙伴关系协定谈判。
Tenthly, Xi and Abe believe that China and Japan should actively fulfill their international responsibilities, face various global challenges shoulder by shoulder, and strengthen communication and coordination on such global affairs as development aid, climate change, arms control and disarmament as well as health care, so as to jointly make contributions to world peace, stability and development.
十、两国领导人认为，中日应积极履行国际责任，共同应对各种全球性挑战，着力加强在发展援助、气候变化、军控裁军、卫生保健等国际事务中的沟通与协调，携手为世界和平稳定发展作出积极贡献。
二十国集团峰会 G20 summit
6月28日，中国国家主席习近平在日本大阪出席二十国集团领导人第十四次峰会(the 14th G20 Summit)并发表题为《携手共进，合力打造高质量世界经济》的讲话。以下为讲话要点：
The G20 major economies should embrace development opportunities with greater openness and seek win-win results with better cooperation, so as to guide economic globalization toward the right direction.
作为世界主要经济体，二十国集团要以更大的开放拥抱发展机遇，以更好的合作谋求互利共赢，引导经济全球化朝正确方向发展。
The G20 should focus on shared interests and long-term development, and commit to realizing lasting peace and prosperity for the world and a satisfying life for peoples around the world. The G20 should not make an irreversible "historic mistake" due to temporary shortsightedness.
我们要立足共同利益，着眼长远发展，致力于实现世界持久和平繁荣、各国人民安居乐业，避免因一时短视犯下不可挽回的历史性错误。
The G20 major economies should promote international innovation cooperation, move beyond border limitation and man-made fences, pool global wisdom to tackle common problems, and broadly apply innovation outcomes to benefit more countries and peoples.
我们要提倡国际创新合作，超越疆域局限和人为藩篱，集全球之智，克共性难题，让创新成果得以广泛应用，惠及更多国家和人民。
China will further open up its market, proactively expand imports, continuously improve its business environment for foreign enterprises, and press ahead with various trade agreement negotiations.
中国将进一步开放市场、主动扩大进口、持续改善营商环境、全面实施平等待遇、大力推动经贸谈判。
（中国日报网英语点津 Helen）
